essay on themes in beowulf

  • My Preferences
  • My Reading List
  • Literature Notes
  • Major Themes in Beowulf
  • Poem Summary
  • About Beowulf
  • Character List
  • Summary and Analysis
  • Lines 1-193
  • Lines 194-606
  • Lines 607-836
  • Lines 837-1062
  • Lines 1063-1250
  • Lines 1251-1491
  • Lines 1492-1650
  • Lines 1651-1887
  • Lines 1888-2199
  • Lines 2200-2400
  • Lines 2401-2630
  • Lines 2631-2820
  • Lines 2821-3182
  • Character Analysis
  • Grendel's Mother
  • Character Map
  • The Beowulf Poet
  • The Beowulf Manuscript
  • Critical Essays
  • Major Symbols in Beowulf
  • Famous Quotes from Beowulf
  • Film Versions of Beowulf
  • Full Glossary for Beowulf
  • Essay Questions
  • Practice Projects
  • Cite this Literature Note

Critical Essays Major Themes in Beowulf

A theme in a literary work is a recurring, unifying subject or idea, a motif that allows us to understand more deeply the character and their world. In Beowulf, the major themes reflect the values and the motivations of the characters.

One of the central themes of Beowulf, embodied by its title character, is loyalty. At every step of his career, loyalty is Beowulf's guiding virtue.

Beowulf comes to the assistance of the Danes (Scyldings) for complicated reasons. Certainly he is interested in increasing his reputation and gaining honor and payment for his own king back in Geatland. However, we soon learn that a major motivation is a family debt that Beowulf owes to Hrothgar. The young Geat is devoted to the old king because Hrothgar came to the assistance of Beowulf's father, Ecgtheow, years before. Now deceased, Ecgtheow had killed a leader of another tribe in a blood feud. When the tribe sought vengeance, Hrothgar, then a young king, sheltered Beowulf's father and settled the feud by paying tribute (wergild) in the form of "fine old treasures" (472) to Ecgtheow's enemies. Hrothgar even remembers Beowulf as a child. The tie between the families goes back many years, and Beowulf is proud to be able to lend his loyal services to Hrothgar.

When the hero returns to Geatland, he continues his loyalty to his uncle and king, Hygelac, risking his life even when the tactics of the ruler are not the best. After Hygelac is killed in an ill-advised raid on Frisia, Beowulf makes a heroic escape (2359 ff.) back to Geatland. Beowulf could become king then but is more loyal than ambitious. Queen Hygd offers Beowulf the throne after her husband dies, thinking that her young son (Heardred) is unable to protect the kingdom; Beowulf refuses and serves the young king faithfully. After Heardred is killed, Beowulf does become king and rules with honor and fidelity to his office and his people for 50 years. In his final test, the burden of loyalty will rest on other, younger shoulders.

Preparing for his last battle, with the fiery dragon, Beowulf puts his trust in 11 of his finest men, retainers who have vowed to fight to the death for him. Although the now elderly king insists on taking on the dragon alone, he brings along the 11 in case he needs them. When it is apparent that Beowulf is losing the battle to the dragon, however, all but one of his men run and hide in the woods. Only Wiglaf, an inexperienced thane who has great respect for his king, remains loyal. Wiglaf calls to the others in vain. Realizing that they will be no help and that his king is about to be killed, he stands beside the old man to fight to the death — theirs or the dragon's. For Beowulf, sadly, it is the end. Although he and Wiglaf kill the dragon, the king dies. As he dies, Beowulf passes the kingdom on to the brave and loyal Wiglaf.

Another motivating factor for Beowulf — and a central theme in the epic — is reputation. From the beginning, Beowulf is rightly concerned about how the rest of the world will see him. He introduces himself to the Scyldings by citing achievements that gained honor for him and his king. When a drunken Unferth verbally assaults Beowulf at the first banquet, at issue is the hero's reputation. Unferth's slur is the worst kind of insult for Beowulf because his reputation is his most valuable possession. Reputation is also the single quality that endures after death, his one key to immortality. That's why Beowulf later leaves the gold in the cave beneath the mere, after defeating the mother, preferring to return with Grendel's head and the magic sword's hilt rather than treasure. He has and continues to amass treasures; his intent now is in building his fame.

Unferth's slur accuses Beowulf of foolishly engaging in a seven-day swimming contest on the open sea, as a youth, and losing. If Beowulf can't win a match like that, Unferth asserts, he surely can't defeat Grendel. Beowulf defends his reputation with such grace and persuasion that he wins the confidence of King Hrothgar and the rest of the Danes. He points out that he swam with Breca for five nights, not wanting to abandon the weaker boy. Rough seas then drove them apart, and Beowulf had to kill nine sea monsters before going ashore in the morning. His reputation intact, Beowulf prepares to meet Grendel and further enhance his fame.

As he discusses Beowulf's later years, the poet lists the virtues (2177 ff.) leading to the great man's fine reputation. Beowulf is courageous and famous for his performance in battle but equally well known for his good deeds. Although aggressive in war, Beowulf has "no savage mind" (2180) and never kills his comrades when drinking, an important quality in the heroic world of the mead-hall. Beowulf respects the gifts of strength and leadership that he possesses.

As he prepares to meet the dragon, near the end of the poem, now King Beowulf again considers his reputation. He insists on facing the dragon alone despite the fact that his death will leave his people in jeopardy. Hrothgar's Sermon warned Beowulf of the dangers of pride, and some critics have accused the great warrior of excessive pride (hubris) in the defense of his reputation. A more considerate judgment might be that Beowulf is an old man with little time left and deserves the right to die as a warrior. The final words of the poem, stating that Beowulf was "most eager for fame' (3182), might be best understood by a modern audience by remembering that, in Beowulf's world, fame is synonymous with reputation.

Generosity and Hospitality

The Scyldings' King Hrothgar and Queen Wealhtheow embody the themes of generosity and hospitality. The code of the comitatus is at the heart of the Beowulf epic. In this system, the king or feudal lord provides land, weapons, and a share of treasure to his warriors (called thanes or retainers) in return for their support of the leader in battle. The leader's generosity is one of his highest qualities. There are more than 30 different terms for "king" in the poem, and many of them have to do with this role as provider. He is the "ring-giver' (35) or the "treasure-giver" (607); his seat of power is the "gift-throne" (168).

When booty is seized from an enemy in battle, everything goes to the king. He then allots treasure to each warrior according to the man's achievements as a soldier. When Beowulf defeats Grendel and Grendel's mother, he expects and receives great riches as his reward, including a golden banner, helmet, and mail-shirt, as well as a jeweled sword, magnificent horses with golden trappings that hang to the ground, a gem-studded saddle, and a golden collar. Such generosity is emblematic of Hrothgar's character. In turn, Beowulf will present these treasures to his own king, Hygelac, who will then honor Beowulf with appropriate gifts. Propriety/generosity is, thus, a crucial part of the political, military, social, and economic structure of the culture.

Wealhtheow shares in the gift giving and is the perfect hostess. When she serves mead in Heorot, it is an act of propriety and diplomacy, attending first to her king and then to various guests, paying special attention to Beowulf. An improper queen would be one like Modthrytho (1931 ff.) who was so inhospitable as to have her own warriors executed for the offense of merely looking into her eyes.

Hospitality is such an established part of the culture that the poet feels free to refer to it with casual humor. When Beowulf reports to Hrothgar on his victory over Grendel (957 ff.), he ironically speaks in terms of hospitality. He tried, he says, to "welcome my enemy" (969) with a firm handshake but was disappointed when he received only a "visitor's token" (971), Grendel's giant claw, "that dear [meaning 'precious'] gift" (973), a kind of macabre gratuity for services rendered. Beowulf had, ironically speaking, tried to be the perfect host; but he wanted the entire ogre body as his tip . Grendel left only his claw as a cheap compensation.

Despite Unferth's jealous rant at the first banquet, the most serious embodiment of envy in the poem is Grendel. The ogre who has menaced Hrothgar's people for 12 years is envious of the Danes because he can never share in mankind's hope or joy. The monster's motivation is one of the few undeniably Christian influences in the epic. Grendel is a descendant of Cain, the biblical son of Adam and Eve who killed his brother Abel out of jealousy (Genesis 4). The legend is that the monsters of the earth are Cain's descendants and eternally damned. Grendel resents men because God blesses them but will never bless him. The bright lights and sounds of joy emanating from Hrothgar's magnificent mead-hall, Heorot, especially annoy the ogre.

The scop 's "Song of Creation" angers Grendel because it reminds him of the light and hope of God's creation and the loss he suffers because of Cain's sin. Grendel stomps up from the mere to devour Danes and rule nightly over Heorot as a form of revenge stemming from this envy.

Revenge serves as a motivating factor for several characters throughout the poem, initially stirring Grendel and his mother. Grendel seeks revenge upon mankind for the heritage that he has been dealt. He delights in raiding Heorot because it is the symbol of everything that he detests about men: their success, joy, glory, and favor in the eyes of God. Grendel's mother's revenge is more specific. She attacks Heorot because someone there killed her son. Although she is smaller and less powerful than Grendel, she is motivated by a mother's fury. When Beowulf goes after her in the mere, she has the added advantage of fighting him in her own territory. As she drags him into her cave beneath the lake, her revenge peaks because this is the very man who killed her son. Only Beowulf's amazing abilities as a warrior and the intervention of God or magic can defeat her.

Revenge also motivates the many feuds that the poet refers to and is a way of life — and death — for the Germanic tribes. Old enmities die hard and often disrupt attempts at peace, as the poet recognizes. Upon his return to Geatland, Beowulf (2020 ff.) speculates about a feud between Hrothgar's Scyldings and the Heathobards, a tribe in southern Denmark with whom Hrothgar hopes to make peace through the marriage of his daughter. Beowulf is skeptical, envisioning a renewal of hostilities. In fact, the Heathobards do later burn Heorot in events not covered by the poem but probably familiar to its audience. Another example of revenge overcoming peace occurs in the Finnsburh section (1068-1159).

Beowulf's final battle is the result of vengeance. A dangerous fire-dragon seeks revenge because a fugitive slave has stolen a valuable cup from the monster's treasure-hoard. His raids across the countryside include the burning of Beowulf's home. Beowulf then seeks his own revenge by going after the dragon.

Previous The Beowulf Manuscript

Next Major Symbols in Beowulf

has been added to your

Reading List!

Removing #book# from your Reading List will also remove any bookmarked pages associated with this title.

Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# and any corresponding bookmarks?

Beowulf Themes

Themes are overarching ideas and beliefs that the writers express in their texts including poetry, fiction , and plays. These recurring ideas become very important when readers interpret their understanding of the literature to apply or compare various incidents or things. Beowulf has themes that surpass cultures and races. Some of the major themes of Beowulf have been discussed below. The quotations given in the thematic ideas are borrowed from Beowulf translated by Seamus Heaney.

Themes in Beowulf

Heroic Code

The theme of the heroic code of chivalry is the leading theme of Beowulf. The honorable behavior and manners have dominated the Anglo-Saxon culture. Courage , bravery and the will to fight were considered basic norms of that heroic code. Beowulf sticks to these norms from the very beginning as he comes across the Danes. He fights against Grendel and kills him after pledging that he will “settle the outcome in single combat.” These words resonate again when he goes to find Grendel’s mother. When he is older, he proves his bravery again when fighting the last enemy, the dragon. He becomes a dragon slayer but at the cost of his own life. Wiglaf, his young companion pays tribute to him saying, “vowed you would never let your name and fame / be dimmed while you lived.” This heroic code lasts until Beowulf’s death.

Good against Evil

Good against evil is another major theme of this classic English epic . Epics mostly used to demonstrate the themes of good and evil, encouraging future generations to be virtuous. The good is demonstrated through the characters of Hrothgar and Beowulf, and the evil can be seen through the three antagonists Grendel, his mother, and the dragon. Good traits are connected with the ideas of glory, loyalty, honesty and heroic feats. Hrothgar shows generosity and fairness in his rule, while Beowulf shows bravery, courage, and wisdom when fighting Grendel, his mother, and the dragon. Grendel and his mother’s actions of killing the Danes must be considered evil.

The epic of Beowulf demonstrates the true characters of warriors. During the war and on the battlefield it is crucial for every soldier to be loyal to their country and comrades. Loyalty is one of the central themes of this epic poem and also shows through the conflict between two major characters; Unferth and Beowulf. Beowulf’s loyalty to King Hrothgar is due to the refuge and help the King extended to his father. Unferth, on the other hand, taunts Beowulf and proves disloyal companion to the king until he knows the truth. During the battle with the dragon, Wiglaf proves his loyalty as he stands by Beowulf throughout the fight against while the other warriors flee the scene in terror.

Bravery is another element of medieval chivalry and theme of the epic, Beowulf. Beowulf, himself, is an epitome of bravery and courage as he visits the Danes and offers his services to King Hrothgar. He displays confidence when telling the royal guards on the border that his father “was a famous man.” He further adds, “We come in good faith” to prove his bravery and to help the king. Then he demonstrates his bravery when fighting Grendel and also goes under the lake to kill his mother. He finally locks horns with the dragon despite knowing that these are his last days.

Revenge can also be considered as one of the major themes of the epic of Beowulf. Beowulf, though, comes to help the King Hrothgar, he, in fact, wants to take revenge for the death of the Danes killed by Grendel. Grendel’s killing spree is also to take revenge because the Danes singing disturbs his peace. Moreover, Grendel’s mother seeks revenge against them for the brutal death of her son. Beowulf, in his old age, heads to seek revenge against the dragon because of its senseless killings. Surprisingly, the dragon’s madness is revenge for the lost cup. Blind revenge ruled that period and was part of the medieval culture.

Generosity is another theme and the life-affirming value shown in Beowulf. The first sign of generosity comes from the King Hrothgar who gives refuge to Ecgheow, Beowulf’s father when he is at war with his enemy tribes. Then Beowulf comes to pay back that generosity by saving the Danes from the wrath of Grendel and his mother’s vengeance. The queen herself accepts this generosity of Beowulf and praises him. Beowulf’s rule is also filled with generous acts of rewarding his thanes. He also proves his love and generosity by defending the people from the dragon.

Hospitality

Hospitality is a minor theme of this epic. King Hrothgar extended his hospitality to Beowulf’s father and offered him refuge. Beowulf expresses his gratitude to King Hrothgar as he enjoys his hospitality. His words “Here we have been welcomed / and thoroughly entertained. You have treated us well” show his joy. Later, Beowulf also repays the hospitality by putting his life in danger for King Hrothgar and other Danes when fighting Grendel.

Denying Defeat

The epic of Beowulf shows that heroes of the medieval period do not accept defeat. They are trained to win even at the cost of their own death. Beowulf wins two battles against Grendel and his mother, and the third victory costs him his life. Despite his death, he doesn’t display cowardice or retreats while fighting the dragon. That is why the Geats remember him after his death as the king “kindest to his people and keenest to win fame.” The defeat is considered an act of shame during the medieval time. Hence, this is one of the reasons that denying defeat is minor and yet prominent themes of the epic.

Despite winning fights and battles, heroes face death. Beowulf, too, faces death during the battle with dragon though he kills it. Beowulf’s death becomes legendary, as he passes all the responsibility to Wiglaf. However, during Wiglaf’s era, the kingdom of the Geats sees its end due to the onslaughts of other tribes and nations. Therefore, death not only means the end of life but also an end to an era or a kingdom.

Ruler’s Obligation

The ruler must keep his people safe and rule justly. The two most important examples of this theme are King Hrothgar and Beowulf. Both are very popular among their people. Hrothgar felt obligated to entertain his Danes, so he builds the mead-hall where all Danes can enjoy and sing. Beowulf took responsibility for the safety of all the Geats’ tribes for several years. His obligation to costs his life when he fights the dragon. Hence, rulers at any periods or position are obligated to protect their people.

Related posts:

  • Beowulf Characters
  • Beowulf Quotations
  • Macbeth Themes
  • Hamlet Themes
  • 1984 Themes
  • The Crucible Themes
  • Frankenstein Themes
  • Oedipus Rex Themes
  • The Metamorphosis Themes
  • Odyssey Themes
  • Beloved Themes
  • Slaughterhouse-Five Themes
  • Antigone Themes
  • Inferno Themes
  • Fahrenheit 451 Themes
  • Into the Wild Themes
  • The Alchemist Themes
  • Night Themes
  • Life of Pi Themes
  • The Invisible Man Themes
  • The Tempest Themes
  • The Iliad Themes
  • The Jungle Themes
  • Siddhartha Themes
  • The Stranger Themes
  • The Aeneid Themes
  • Dracula Themes
  • To Kill a Mockingbird Themes
  • The Scarlet Letter Themes
  • The Canterbury Tales Themes
  • Heart of Darkness Themes
  • Brave New World Themes
  • Death of a Salesman Themes
  • Things Fall Apart Themes
  • A Tale of Two Cities Themes
  • A Doll’s House Themes
  • The Grapes of Wrath Themes
  • Twelfth Night Themes
  • Crime and Punishment Themes
  • Their Eyes Were Watching God Themes
  • Wuthering Heights Themes
  • In Cold Blood Themes
  • The Kite Runner Themes
  • The Glass Castle Themes
  • King Lear Themes
  • The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Themes
  • Romeo and Juliet Themes
  • Lord of the Flies Themes
  • Jane Eyre Themes
  • Julius Caesar Themes
  • 10 Different Themes in Taylor Swift Songs
  • A Huge List of Common Themes
  • Examples of Themes in Popular Songs
  • To Kill a Mockingbird Racism
  • Paradise Lost Book 1

Post navigation

The Study Blog :

Simplified beowulf essay guide: themes, topics, and examples.

By Evans Dec 02 2020

Beowulf is a piece of English literature depicting Beowulf's feats and life. He is a courageous legendary warrior who conquered beasts and helped people. Although the poem used alliteration as the literary device that creates rhythm and unity. Beowulf poem can be hard to interpret and understand right away. Fortunately, one of our expert writers has simplified by giving you a quick summary, plot and outlines, essay topics, examples, and themes.

Are tight deadlines, clashing assignments, and unclear tasks giving you sleepless nights?

Do not panic, hire a professional essay writer today.

Summary of the Poem

In the poem, Beowulf encounters three beasts and defeats them. The section below discusses each of them as a different life milestone and performance as a great warrior and commander.

First Battle

Grendel, a monster, terrorizes Hrothgar together with his warriors. The monster cannot stand happiness and joy and punishes people for celebrating. Moreover, he feasts on Hrothgar's men every day.

A few years ago, Heorat saved Ecgtheow, Beowulf's father, from death. Immediately, Beowulf hears about the Heorot's trouble, together with fourteen men, he sets to leave his homeland and assist Hrothgar.

Hrothgar's men welcome Beowulf, and they feast. When everyone is sleeping, the monster comes to Heorot. He attacks the mead-hall and kills one of Beowulf's men. Then he attempts to kill and eat Beowulf but fails. Instead, Beowulf gets hold of his hand and rips it off his body from the shoulder. Severely injured, the monster flees. Men praise Beowulf, and, in the glory, Beowulf hangs Grendel's claw off the ceiling.

Second Battle

After defeating the ogre, people celebrate, play music, drink, and eat delicious food.   Additionally, Hrothgar and his wife award Beowulf a golden collar.

Everyone sleeps after the celebrations, and Grendel's mother, a water witch, interrupts their peace. She comes to seek vengeance against Beowulf. She takes her son's arm off the ceiling and kidnaps Aeschere while all people are sleeping.

The following day, Beowulf and his men leave in search of the water witch. While looking for the tracks, they notice Aeschere's head on a mountain and follow the lead. Beowulf gets into the cave and finds the witch. She drags him to the lake, and they start fighting. Her attacks do not overpower Beowulf. Thanks to his sword's power.

Earn Good Grades Without Breaking a Sweat

✔ We've helped over 1000 students earn better grades since 2017. ✔ 98% of our customers are happy with our service

essay on themes in beowulf

Beowulf sees another sword in the cave and uses it to pierce her and cut her neck and spine. Her blood melts this sword and shines a ray of light, which illuminates the cave.

Third Battle

After the victory, Beowulf and his men return to their homeland. Hygelac and his son die in a battle, and Beowulf is crowned the king and reigns peacefully for fifty years.

One day, a dragon interrupts peace. The dragon is annoyed because a goblet it had guarded for ages had been stolen. The dragon burnt houses and killed innocent inhabitants.

Beowulf gathered 11 brave warriors and the thief who knew where the beast lived and prepared to battle it. The dragon looked terrified, and all the warriors ran away. Only Wiglaf, Beowulf's most loyal warrior, remained, and they defeated the beast.

Unfortunately, the king is severely injured and succumbs. On his sickbed, he leaves the kingdom to Wiglaf as a reward for standing with him.

Beowulf Essay Topics Guide

When asked to write an essay about Beowulf, it is worth noting that the essay is heroic and has changeable and universal topics . It is because this piece of literature draws convincing and new attention in the contemporary world. Perfect examples of essay topics include:

·          Is Beowulf a perfect king or hero? Is there anything that lacks in his character?

·          The role digressions play in the poem. What light do they shed on the action?

·          Importance of establishing an identity

·          Tensions between heroic code and other value systems

·          The difference between a good king and a good hero

Beowulf Themes

A theme is an overarching belief or idea that a writer expresses in their text. The recurring idea becomes essential when the reader interpret their understanding of the piece of literature to compare and apply various things or incidents. Themes in Beowulf, including the following, surpass races and cultures.

Heroic Code

Heroic code is one of the central Beowulf themes. The honourable manner and conduct dominate the Anglo-Saxon culture . The zeal to fight, courage, and bravery were the basic norms of the heroic code. Beowulf sticks to the standards when he meets the Danes. He fights Grendel and kills the monster after claiming that he will settle the result in one combat. This utterance resonates again when he meets with Grendel's mother. When he's older, he portrays bravery traits by killing the dragon at the expense of his life.

The theme of Loyalty in Beowulf essay

On a battlefield or during the war, all soldiers should be loyal to their comrades and country. Loyalty is evident through the conflict between Beowulf and Unferth. Unferth taunts Beowulf and is disloyal to the king until he knows the truth. Beowulf's loyalty to Hrothgar, on the other hand, is because of the help and refuge the king extended to his father. Finally, while other warriors fled in terror during the battle with the dragon, only Wiglaf stood with the king.

Although Beowulf comes to help Hrothgar, he wants to seek vengeance for the Danes that Grendel killed. Grendel kills Danes because their singing disturbed his peace. Additionally, Grendel's mother attacks when people are asleep because she is angry with her son's brutal death.

Beowulf also seeks vengeance against the dragon for its massive killings. The dragon's killings and conduct are revenge for its lost cup.

Blind revenge was a fundamental part of medieval culture.

The Responsibility of a Ruler

Any responsible ruler should protect his people and rule justly. Both Beowulf and King Hrothgar are popular among the people. KingHrothgar felt obligated to entertain his people and built the mead-hall where Danes could sing and enjoy.

Beowulf protects the Geat tribes for many years. The obligation costed his life when he fought the dragon.

Need help with your Beowulf Essay?

As a student, you know how getting good grades requires a lot of time, effort, and resilience. You should stand out from your fellow students and grab your facilitator's attention. The proficient writers at paperperhour.com are trained to do that. We have impeccable composition skills and exhibit the unique flairs that writing requires. Thanks to our many years of experience. Contact our essay writing service today to serve all your content needs.

Popular services

The little secret why your friends are earning better grades.

Hire an Expert from our write my essay service and start earning good grades.

Can Someone Write My Paper for Me Online? Yes, We Can!

Research topics

Essay Topics

Popular articles

Six Proven ways to cheat Turnitin with Infographic

Understanding Philosophy of Nursing: Complete Guide With Examples

50+ Collection of the Most Controversial Argumentative Essay Topics

50+ Economics research Topics and Topic Ideas for dissertation

20+ Interesting Sociology research topics and Ideas for Your Next Project

RAISE YOUR HAND IF YOU ARE TIRED OF WRITING COLLEGE PAPERS!

Hire a professional academic writer today.

Each paper you order from us is of IMPECCABLE QUALITY and PLAGIARISM FREE

Use code PPH10 to get 10% discount. Terms and condition apply.

essay on themes in beowulf

Ready to hire a professional essay writer?

Each paper you receive from us is plagiarism-free and will fetch you a good grade. We are proud to have helped 10,000+ students achieve their academic dreams. Enjoy our services by placing your order today.

hire a professional essay writer

Write my paper

Do my assignment

Essay writing help

Research paper help

College homework help

Essay writing guide

College admission essay

Writing a research paper

Paper format for writing

Terms & conditions

Privacy Policy

Cookie Policy

Money-Back Guarantee

Our services

essay on themes in beowulf

Copyright © 2017 Paper Per Hour. All rights reserved.

essay on themes in beowulf

Everything you need for every book you read.

Family and Tribe Theme Icon

Family and Tribe

In Beowulf (and in the medieval Germanic culture that produced Beowulf ), family and tribal allegiances determine one's identity. Characters are constantly identified as the son, wife, or daughter of a particular man, and as members of this or that tribe. Men or beings without tribes—such as Grendel and Heremod —are described as lonely and joyless. Without a community or family, these men are incomplete. All of the cultural institutions described in Beowulf , from…

Family and Tribe Theme Icon

Good Warriors and Good Kings

The narrator of Beowulf emphasizes the importance of both good warriors and good kings. But as the story of Beowulf unfolds, it becomes clear that while good kings and warriors share some similar traits, such as courage, loyalty, selflessness, and might in battle, the values of a good warrior and a good king do not overlap in other fundamental ways.

The differences between good kings and good warriors arise from the different roles that kings…

Good Warriors and Good Kings Theme Icon

Fame, Pride, and Shame

The warriors of Beowulf seek fame through feats of strength, bravery in the face of danger, an utter disdain for death, as well as by boasting about their feats of strength, bravery, and disdain for death. The quest for fame is of the utmost importance to a warrior trying to establish himself in the world.

Yet the quest for fame can lead to harm in two very different ways. First, a quest for fame can…

Fame, Pride, and Shame Theme Icon

Repetition and Change

Beowulf is full of repetitions: the story begins and ends with funerals of kings; Beowulf must fight Grendel and Grendel's Mother ; the tale of Sigemund foreshadows Beowulf's battle with the dragon; the feuds related in stories told by the bards echo the feuds of Beowulf's own time. These repetitions emphasize the continuity of the world and show that events are in many ways just variations of previous events, proceeding in endless procession like the…

Repetition and Change Theme Icon

Christianity and Paganism

Because of its complicated origin, Beowulf has elements of both pagan Germanic culture and Christianity. The story of Beowulf probably originated as an oral tradition sometime in the 7th century. But the only surviving manuscript of Beowulf was written in the 11th century by Christian scribes, who either inserted the Christian overtones to the story, or were working from a manuscript set down by previous Christians who added the Christian elements. Suffice it to say…

Christianity and Paganism Theme Icon

logo

39 pages • 1 hour read

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Pages 57-149

Pages 149-213

Character Analysis

Symbols & Motifs

Important Quotes

Essay Topics

Discussion Questions

Heroism and Leadership

The world of Beowulf might seem at first to be a place of pure brawn. Beowulf can swim the ocean for weeks at a time, dive down into the mere for a full day without taking a breath, and wrestle monsters to death with his bare hands. However, these tales of superhuman power rest on a fragile structure. While the poem lauds heroism, its deeper concern is with the leadership that can spring from overvaluing it—and the risks and doubts of that leadership.

Hrothgar makes this point well in his speech of guidance to Beowulf: 

Get access to this full Study Guide and much more!

  • 7,000+ In-Depth Study Guides
  • 5,100+ Quick-Read Plot Summaries
  • Downloadable PDFs
Sometimes [God] allows the mind of a man
of distinguished birth to follow its bent,
grants him fulfilment and felicity on earth
and forts to command in his own country […] 
until the man in his unthinkingness
forgets that it will ever end for him.
[…]The whole world
conforms to his will, he is kept from the worst
until an element of overweening
enters him and takes hold (119). 

blurred text

Don't Miss Out!

Access Study Guide Now

Ready to dive in?

Get unlimited access to SuperSummary for only $ 0.70 /week

Featured Collections

Audio study guides.

View Collection

British Literature

Medieval literature / middle ages, nobel laureates in literature, novels & books in verse.

Beowulf Theme Essay

Beowulf is an epic poem that tells the story of Beowulf, a brave warrior who defeats the monster Grendel and saves his people. Beowulf is a great example of epic poetry, and it contains many themes that are still relevant today. Some of the important themes in Beowulf include courage, strength, loyalty, and honor. These themes are evident throughout the poem and help to make Beowulf a timeless classic.

The thesis, or central idea, is the core message that is expressed in the narrative. The purpose of the theme is to convey the moral of the tale. Some stories have only one major topic, but others may have many. Beowulf is one of those tales with more than one major topic. The themes of Beowulf are good vs. evil, loyalty, and bravery.

One of the most important themes in Beowulf is the theme of good versus evil. Beowulf is a story about a young hero who defeats an evil monster, Grendel. Grendel terrorizes the people of Heorot until Beowulf comes to fight him. Beowulf ultimately defeats Grendel, but Grendel’s mother seeks revenge. Beowulf then kills her too. The story ends with Beowulf defeating a dragon but being mortally wounded in the process. Although he dies, Beowulf is remembered as a great hero who fought against evil and protected his people.

Another important theme in Beowulf is loyalty. Beowulf shows his loyalty to Hrothgar by defeating Grendel. Beowulf is also loyal to his men, risking his own life to save them from the dragon. Beowulf’s men are also loyal to him, willing to fight alongside him even though they know they may not survive.

The last important theme in Beowulf is bravery. Beowulf is a brave hero who is not afraid to fight evil. He puts his own life at risk to save others. Beowulf’s bravery is what makes him a great hero and an important figure in the story.

Beowulf is a story with many important themes. The themes of good versus evil, loyalty, and bravery are all central to the story. These themes help to convey the moral of the tale and make Beowulf a great epic poem.

The theme of loyalty appears frequently in Beowulf. Beowulf proved his devotion to Hygelac the king at the conclusion of the poem, stating that he was loyal to him.He gave me land and the security it provides, so he had no right to look for a lesser hero” (lines 3069-3074). What is presented here is that Beowulf was dedicated to King Hygelac because in return for his loyalty, he was rewarded with riches.

Beowulf is also shown to be extremely loyal to his people as he puts their safety before his own. After Beowulf kills Grendel’s mother, he could have easily taken the treasure and left but instead he makes sure that the people are safe. “I’m going down into her dark dwelling, so hand me my battle gear! I don’t doubt that I’ll manage better on my own than with a troop of men – unless it’s God’s will that I die down there.” Beowulf puts his people’s safety above his own life which shows great loyalty.

Another theme in Beowulf is revenge. This is seen when Beowulf goes after Grendel’s mother to avenge Aeschere’s death. Beowulf says “To avenge my friend’s death, I’ll descend into that awful place. I know it’s risky, but I’ve been waiting for an opportunity like this – all the more because Grendel caused such havoc in Heorot.” Beowulf puts his life at risk to avenge Aeschere’s death which shows how important revenge is to him.

The last theme that will be discussed is fame. Beowulf fights Grendel and Grendel’s mother to achieve fame. Beowulf says “Fame is the highest good; it lives on after us in story and song…I hope to win renown that will never die.” Beowulf is only interested in fighting Grendel and Grendel’s mother to achieve fame and nothing else. He is not interested in the treasure or any rewards, only fame.

Beowulf is an epic poem that tells the story of Beowulf, a hero who fights two monsters, Grendel and Grendel’s mother. The poem explores the themes of loyalty, revenge, and fame. Beowulf is shown to be extremely loyal to his king and people. He puts their safety above his own life which shows great loyalty. Beowulf is also motivated by revenge when he goes after Grendel’s mother. He wants to avenge Aeschere’s death.

When Wiglaf is threatened by the dragon, he fights bravely with Beowulf. “Your accomplishments are well-known; therefore stay strong, my lord, and defend your life to the best of your ability now. I will stand by you.”

Beowulf went to kill the dragon because it was terrorizing a village. Beowulf fights evil for the greater good even though he knows he may die in the process. “And Beowulf, Ecgtheow’s son/ Boarded a ship with his band of thanes…He had heard that Grendel/ Was attacking Hrothgar’s great mead-hall.” Beowulf is also willing to put himself in danger to save others from evil.

The main theme of Beowulf, as in most tales, refers to everyone in real life. Beowulf shows that in order to live a complete life, we must regularly seek out and overcome barriers. It is frequently necessary to head in new directions in order to discover who we are since con-fronting the things we fear often entails coming into conflict with our preconceptions. This is true no matter what the consequences may be because every person will need bravery at some point when faced with these hurdles.

Beowulf is an epic poem written in Old English, probably in the 8th century. The poem tells the story of Beowulf, a hero from Geatland who comes to the aid of Hrothgar, king of the Danes, when he is being terrorized by a monster named Grendel. Beowulf eventually defeats both Grendel and his mother, but is mortally wounded in the process. He dies after defeating a dragon that was terrorizing his homeland.

The themes present in Beowulf are still relevant today. We all face challenges and obstacles in our lives, and we all have fears that we must overcome. Beowulf shows us that it is possible to overcome these challenges and fears, and that doing so can lead to a life that is full and fulfilling.

While Beowulf is often considered to be a story about bravery, it is also a story about strength. Beowulf has great strength, both physical and mental. He is able to overcome challenges that would be impossible for most people. This strength allows him to protect others from harm, and to defeat powerful enemies.

Beowulf also teaches us about the importance of family and friends. Beowulf has a close relationship with his kin, and he is willing to risk his life to help them. He also forms strong bonds with the people he meets during his travels. These bonds are what allow him to defeat Grendel and his mother, and to ultimately overcome the dragon.

Beowulf is an epic poem that tells a story that is still relevant today. The themes of bravery, strength, and family are all present in the poem, and they are all things that we can relate to in our own lives. Beowulf is a great example of how these themes can be used to create a full and fulfilling life.

More Essays

  • Beowulf As A Hero In Beowulf and Grendel
  • Essay on The Anglo-Saxon Theme Of Family And Brotherhood In Beowulf
  • Beowulf Is Not A Hero
  • Beowulf Symbolism Essay
  • Beowulf: Unferth, the Same Martyr
  • Beowulf Good vs Evil Essay
  • Beowulf – epic tale
  • The Character of Unferth in Beowulf and Grendel
  • Is Beowulf An Epic Hero
  • Beowulf-Christianity or Paganism

Leave a Comment Cancel reply

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

Beowulf Themes

The themes and motifs of the poem indicate which models of behavior were favored and criticized in the Middle Ages. Generosity, loyalty, strength, heroism, and courage made up a respected personality. On the contrary, envy, greed, betrayal, and cowardice characterized a negative character. The unknown author looks for these motifs in various life situations where the protagonists and antagonists compete. And as it must be in epic poetry, good always overcomes evil.

Our specialists will write a custom essay specially for you!

In addition, this article by our experts discusses Christianity and Paganism, as well as fate and revenge, as the key themes.

  • 🗝️ The Key Themes
  • 🦸 Strength & Heroism
  • 🦁 Bravery & Courage
  • ☯️ Good vs. Evil
  • 🍖 Generosity & Hospitality

🔗 References

🗝️ the key themes in beowulf.

The key themes in Beowulf are: strength and heroism, religion, bravery and courage, hospitality, good vs. evil, revenge, loyalty, and fate.

The picture lists Beowulf themes: religion, heroism, hospitality, revenge, etc.

🦸 Strength & Heroism in Beowulf

Being stronger than anyone else does not immediately make one a hero. First, a hero shall be wise enough to balance their strength. Beowulf is a role model of a hero in this relation. He has the strength of thirty men in his hands, and no man is his match in battle. But when Unferth insults him, he does not put up a fight but uses reasoning and arguments to settle the conflict. 

Second, a hero is one who uses their strength to help and support other people. The heroic code of conduct requires one to be humble , selfless , and philanthropic . In these aspects, Beowulf does not meet the “hero criteria.” Being respectful to the kings, Beowulf enjoys boasting of his achievements. He does all those superhuman deeds for himself. Fame is his principal motivator. Only when death is near, he thinks of his people, being glad that he has earned a treasure for them.

For the jewels I look on Thanks do I utter for all to the Ruler, Wielder of Worship, with words of devotion, The Lord everlasting, that He let me such treasures Gain for my people ere death overtook me. Beowulf , part 38

📿 Religion in Beowulf

Beowulf was written when Christianity had become an established religion in Europe, but not as much in Scandinavian lands. Moreover, the described events had happened many centuries before the manuscript was written. They had been orally transmitted between generations, and each new generation added something new.

Just in 1 hour! We will write you a plagiarism-free paper in hardly more than 1 hour

There is an unresolvable scholarly debate on which references to religion were real and which were added by the writer. In the Middle Ages, when the manuscript was created, Paganism and Christianity coexisted . There are religious ambiguities and inconsistencies, but it is a work of fiction, not a sacred text. It means we should discuss the influence of Christianity and Paganism in Beowulf as literary devices that reflect the way people used to think.

Christian elements in Beowulf

Beowulf contains several references to The Bible . For instance, the text explicitly mentions the Great Flood and Cain . The Flood destroyed the giants who were from “Cain’s clan.” Grendel is also Cain’s descendent. Cain is referred to as a progenitor of Grendel, and of monsters in general.

For that bitter murder, The killing of Abel, all-ruling Father The kindred of Cain crushed with His vengeance; In the feud He rejoiced not, but far away drove him From kindred and kind, that crime to atone for, Meter of Justice. Beowulf , part 2

The poet associates Grendel, his mother, and the dragon with hell. The Vision of Paul the Apostle matches this imagery: hell is the merge of water and fire in an abyss.

Paganism in Beowulf

Pagan symbols appear throughout the poem. Vengeance, feuds, fate, and pride are critical for plot development. Beowulf fights Grendel barehanded and without armor because “Fate will unwind as it must.”

The foe I must grapple, fight for my life then, Foeman with foeman; he fain must rely on The doom of the Lord whom death layeth hold of. Beowulf , part 7

The importance of a sword is a Pagan heritage. Swords are inherited from father to son. People treat them with respect and even name them (e.g., Hrunting) in Beowulf . 

Receive a plagiarism-free paper tailored to your instructions. Cut 20% off your first order!

Christianity vs. Paganism

Is the poem a Christian allegory or a manifestation of Pagan beliefs? Beowulf was written when Anglo-Saxons had been Christians for a short time. Before converting to Christianity, they used to be pagans. Thus, many Anglo-Saxons preserved their pagan beliefs, trying to reconcile them with Christianity, which we find in Beowulf .

🦁 Bravery & Courage in Beowulf

In Beowulf , bravery is the essential quality of a warrior. The protagonist demonstrates his courage three times (in battles with Grendel, his mother, and the dragon). His story about the swimming competition when he killed nine sea monsters also shows how courageous he is. His kinsman Wiglaf is the only warrior as brave as Beowulf. While all the other Geats flee in fear of the dragon, Wiglaf stays to help his king. It was not just about brave deeds; the narrator highlights his loyalty.

The day is now come when the ruler of earthmen Needeth the vigor of valiant heroes: Let us wend us towards him, the war-prince to succor, While the heat yet rageth, horrible fire-fight. Beowulf , part 36

Bravery is something one people could boast of to show what kind of people they were. Boasting was not viewed as a negative trait. It was the only way warriors could present their experience. There were no CVs or portfolios, so they had no choice.

Meanwhile, courage is a positive trait for a warrior, but not as much for a king. The narrator hints that Beowulf’s death marked the end of the prosperous era for the Geats. That is why a king is too responsible for his people to risk his life.

🙇 Loyalty in Beowulf

In Anglo-Saxon culture, loyalty defines the code of conduct of a good warrior. Beowulf, as a perfect hero and warrior, never questions his commitment to his people and the kings he subordinates to.

Get an originally-written paper according to your instructions!

Beowulf helps King Hrothgar with fighting Grendel because many years ago, Hrothgar saved his father’s life. The King secured friendship between the Danes and the Geats. That is why Beowulf’s family had to stay loyal to him.

I remember this man as the merest of striplings. His father long dead now was Ecgtheow titled, Him Hrethel the Geatman granted at home his One only daughter; his battle-brave son Is come but now, sought a trustworthy friend. Beowulf , part 7

The protagonist is ready to die for Hrothgar and the Danes. Later on, when he leaves for Geatland , he promises to remain loyal to the King and come to help if such need arises. 

Beowulf’s loyalty also stretches to his uncle Hygelac. An excellent example of his selflessness is when Beowulf rejects the Queen’s offer to become Hygelac’s successor on the throne. Instead, he promises to be a wise advisor to the King’s son, who is too young at the moment.

All these situations play for Beowulf’s honor in the narrator’s and reader’s eyes.

☯️ Good vs. Evil in Beowulf

The concept of heroism in Beowulf is all about good vs. evil. The poem’s world is divided into evil monsters (Cain’s descendants) and good warriors who eliminate them, showing bravery, heroism, and loyalty. The monsters are evil because they have such qualities as greed, jealousness, and individualism. They are lonely and vicious.

Then the mighty war-spirit endured for a season, The Monster Grendel is madly envious of the Danemen’s joy. Bore it bitterly, he who bided in darkness, That light-hearted laughter loud in the building Greeted him daily; there was dulcet harp-music, Clear song of the singer. Beowulf , part 2

People live in a community, which makes them social beings. This fact prevents them from showing selfishness.

But there are exceptions. Queen Modthryth and King Heremod are evil characters. Their stories show that they had the same traits as the monsters. They were greedy, betrayed their people, and were jealous. This juxtaposition plays the role of instruction for future generations of how a reasonable person should live. Even if their actions are ultimately leading to death , people should act for their community’s benefit.

🔪 Revenge in Beowulf

If you wonder what the theme of Beowulf is, this is the answer. Throughout the epic poem, people and monsters revenge each other. Vengeance is the universal motivator for many characters. Grendel is angered by human celebrations and wants to make them pay for their joyfulness. Grendel’s mother avenges her son.

His mother moreover Grendel’s mother comes to avenge her son. Eager and gloomy was anxious to go on Her mournful mission, mindful of vengeance For the death of her son. Beowulf , part 20

Beowulf defeats both to be quits with them for the deaths of many people. In the end, the warrior is determined to take revenge on the dragon.

Revenge in the poem contradicts Christian postulates of forgiveness. Pagan heritage makes the characters believe in vengeance as goodness. It is the question of honor, which leaves people no choice.

The question of paying back also has a positive meaning. Kings and queens reward Beowulf’s heroic deeds with gold and other valuable objects. It suggests the thought that everything has its price.

🎡 Fate in Beowulf

Beowulf attributes his problems, losses, and success to God’s will and impersonal fate. These two categories are responsible for any action in the poem if we take the narrator’s perspective. In most of his heroic deeds, Beowulf relies on fate.

He waits to fight Grendel unarmed because “Fate will unwind as it must.” Still, the hero considers the case of a failure: he asks to send his armor to King Hygelac if “death does take on me.” It looks as if both scenarios would satisfy him. That is where Beowulf’s courage stems from. He trusts fate and thinks that God’s will is wiser than human expectations.

At the wall ’twill befall us as Fate decreeth, Let Fate decide between us. Each one’s Creator. I am eager in spirit, With the wingèd war-hero to away with all boasting. Beowulf , part 35

Before the battle with the dragon, Beowulf feels his death is near. As a true warrior, he prefers to meet it with a sword in his hand. The narrator puts it as if Beowulf’s fate was to die fighting the dragon. However, Wiglaf blames the coward soldiers who ran away as soon as they saw the dragon’s fire. For some characters, fate vs. free will is a smaller asset.

🍖 Generosity & Hospitality in Beowulf

Themes and motifs of generosity and hospitality make up the setting of the poem as a whole. These features are critical in Anglo-Saxon culture and characterize successful authority and leadership. Hrothgar and Wealhtheow embody hospitality. In turn, Beowulf will repay their generosity to his own king, Hygelac.

The exchange of precious gifts is widely described in the text. But generosity is more than money. Hrothgar was generous when he bailed out Beowulf’s father. Beowulf risks his life to show loyalty to Hrothgar. The exchange with generosity and hospitality is the pillar that holds humanity together.

Be kind to the Geatmen, In gifts not niggardly; anear and afar now Peace thou enjoyest. Beowulf , part 18

In conclusion, it is worth saying that anyone could be generous in their good deeds. It is one of the morals in the epic poem, and it remains valid till our time. When someone comes to help you, repay with the same. If you are asked for assistance, do so, and you will be rewarded.

Thank you for reading this article! You might also want to take a look at Beowulf essay topics collection. And if you need to make the text of your essay more colorful, try our paraphrasing tool . Any questions left? Check the QA section ! 

  • Universal Themes in Beowulf | Overview & Analysis – Study.com
  • Christian Elements in Beowulf
  • Monsters and heroes in Beowulf | The British Library
  • Beowulf Code | Honorverse – Fandom
  • Grendel as a Personification of Evil in “Beowulf” Poem
  • The Rise of Western Civilization in Beowulf: Critical Analysis
  • Share to Facebook
  • Share to Twitter
  • Share to LinkedIn
  • Share to email

Recommended for You

What Was Unusual about the Way Beowulf Fought Grendel?

What Was Unusual about the Way Beowulf Fought Grendel?

When the night came, and Beowulf was getting ready for the battle, he took off all of his armor. He also put away the sword to fight Grendel barehanded. He motivated it by the fact that the monster was unarmed, so that they would be equal. Besides, Beowulf relied on...

Which Plot Element Features the Conflicts and Challenges Encountered by Characters in Beowulf?

Which Plot Element Features the Conflicts and Challenges Encountered by Characters in Beowulf?

Rising action features the conflicts and challenges of the characters in a fictional plot. The story escalates when all the characters start experiencing various negative things. In Beowulf, rising action takes place between Grendel’s attack on the mead-hall and Beowulf’s battle with Grendel’s mother. The latter marks the climax of...

Which Words Describe the Relationship between Hrothgar and Beowulf?

Which Words Describe the Relationship between Hrothgar and Beowulf?

Hrothgar plays a father figure in Beowulf’s life, and their relationship is full of mutual respect and loyalty. These two words represent the message the author wanted to convey by describing these two characters’ communication. In the end, Beowulf becomes a wise king, just as Hrothgar was. The heroic code...

Beowulf Questions and Answers

Beowulf Questions and Answers

Beowulf is an epic poem by an unknown author. It was written between the 8th and 11th centuries, but the plot describes the events that date back to 500 AD. The original text is in Old English, so the general public studies the poem in a translation. This selection by...

Beowulf Essay Topics & Examples

Beowulf Essay Topics & Examples

This epic poem is the oldest known written artifact in Old English. It reveals the life, traditions, and culture of the people who lived a millennium ago. At the same time, Beowulf presents such archetypes as loyalty, courage, generosity, hospitality, honor, and heroism. We can relate to these moral categories...

Beowulf Summary

Beowulf Summary

Looking for Beowulf summary and analysis? Need to quickly figure out the intricacies of the poem’s plot? You’re in the right place! In the article prepared by our experts, you’ll find Beowulf plot overview, an illustrated timeline, as well as chapter summaries of the classic tale. 📊 Beowulf Plot Overview ...

Home — Essay Samples — Literature — Beowulf — Representation Of The Themes Of Honor And Heroism In Beowulf 

test_template

Representation of The Themes of Honor and Heroism in Beowulf 

  • Categories: Beowulf Beowulf Hero

About this sample

close

Words: 1188 |

Published: Dec 16, 2021

Words: 1188 | Pages: 3 | 6 min read

Image of Dr. Charlotte Jacobson

Cite this Essay

Let us write you an essay from scratch

  • 450+ experts on 30 subjects ready to help
  • Custom essay delivered in as few as 3 hours

Get high-quality help

author

Prof. Kifaru

Verified writer

  • Expert in: Literature

writer

+ 120 experts online

By clicking “Check Writers’ Offers”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy . We’ll occasionally send you promo and account related email

No need to pay just yet!

Related Essays

3 pages / 1192 words

4 pages / 1756 words

4 pages / 2105 words

5 pages / 2270 words

Remember! This is just a sample.

You can get your custom paper by one of our expert writers.

121 writers online

Still can’t find what you need?

Browse our vast selection of original essay samples, each expertly formatted and styled

Related Essays on Beowulf

In conclusion, the prologue of Beowulf serves as a significant prelude to the epic, providing essential context and introducing key elements that drive the narrative forward. By analyzing the historical context, literary [...]

Beowulf, the renowned hero of the Anglo-Saxon epic poem, has long been celebrated for his extraordinary feats of valor and his unwavering commitment to protecting his people. His story serves as a testament to the enduring [...]

Beowulf is an epic poem that has endured through the centuries and is still studied and celebrated today. Composed in Old English, the poem tells of the heroic exploits of Beowulf, a warrior who battles monsters and dragons to [...]

The epic poem Beowulf, written in Old English, tells the story of a heroic warrior who battles monsters and dragons to save his people. The poem has been adapted into various forms, including a movie, which has its own [...]

The poem Beowulf marks a period of change in the history of England, namely, the introduction of Christianity amongst the Anglo-Saxons, which led to a newfound interest in literacy. In the seventh century, Irish monks from [...]

A quick read-through of the Old English epic poem Beowulf reveals that the text centers heavily around male characters and typically masculine themes. The main character, Beowulf, a powerful and renowned hero, sets on an [...]

Related Topics

By clicking “Send”, you agree to our Terms of service and Privacy statement . We will occasionally send you account related emails.

Where do you want us to send this sample?

By clicking “Continue”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy.

Be careful. This essay is not unique

This essay was donated by a student and is likely to have been used and submitted before

Download this Sample

Free samples may contain mistakes and not unique parts

Sorry, we could not paraphrase this essay. Our professional writers can rewrite it and get you a unique paper.

Please check your inbox.

We can write you a custom essay that will follow your exact instructions and meet the deadlines. Let's fix your grades together!

Get Your Personalized Essay in 3 Hours or Less!

We use cookies to personalyze your web-site experience. By continuing we’ll assume you board with our cookie policy .

  • Instructions Followed To The Letter
  • Deadlines Met At Every Stage
  • Unique And Plagiarism Free

essay on themes in beowulf

AFS

AFS Programs

Explore the Timeless Themes in Beowulf: Courage, Loyalty, and Heroism

Explore the Timeless Themes in Beowulf: Courage, Loyalty, and Heroism

Welcome to our premium essay on Beowulf, one of the most famous and influential poems in English literature. In this article, we will delve into the main themes of this epic poem and examine the timeless traditions and customs it presents. Beowulf is a heroic tale that takes place during a time of great violence and war. It tells the story of the brave hero Beowulf and his confrontations with supernatural creatures, showcasing the themes of courage, loyalty, and heroism.

Beowulf is often taught in schools as it offers valuable teaching material on various topics. The poem explores the concepts of good versus evil, the power of strength and skill, and the inevitability of mortality. Through the actions of its characters, we see the importance of loyalty and identity, both between individuals and within a group. Beowulf’s adventures and battles highlight the heroism of its protagonist and the qualities that make a true hero.

In Beowulf, the main character Beowulf demonstrates great courage as he faces off against powerful enemies such as Grendel and Grendel’s mother. These battles test Beowulf’s strength and bravery, as he puts his own life at risk to protect others. The loyalty of Beowulf and his warriors is also a significant theme in the poem. They are willing to risk their lives to defend their king, Hrothgar, and their people, showing their unwavering commitment to their leader and their community.

#1 Bestselling Book for Essay Writers

101 Essays That Will Change The Way You Think

See Contents & Details

One of the key themes explored in Beowulf is the idea of heroism. Beowulf is not only celebrated for his physical strength, but also for his moral values and his willingness to fight for what is right. He embodies the qualities of a true hero, and his actions inspire others to follow in his footsteps. The poem emphasizes the importance of heroism as a means of achieving fame and wealth, as Beowulf is rewarded for his bravery with valuable treasures.

Strength and Skill

Beowulf’s strength is evident from the very beginning of the poem. When he arrives in Hrothgar’s kingdom, he boasts to the group of warriors that have gathered, stating, “By the might of my hand, I alone will cleanse Heorot and all the lands of your people.” This declaration demonstrates Beowulf’s confidence in his own abilities and his determination to rid the land of evil.

Throughout the poem, Beowulf battles various supernatural creatures, such as Grendel and Grendel’s mother. These battles showcase not only his physical strength, but also his exceptional skill as a warrior. Beowulf is not just a brute force; he is a strategic and intelligent fighter. He uses his knowledge of the monsters’ weaknesses to his advantage and employs tactics that allow him to outwit his opponents.

Beowulf’s strength and skill are not only a manifestation of his physical prowess, but also a reflection of his loyalty and courage. He willingly puts himself in danger to protect his people, risking his own life for the greater good. This loyalty and devotion to his people are what make Beowulf a true hero.

Watch Full Poem Summary of “Beowulf” on YouTube

In “Beowulf,” the protagonist Beowulf battles against supernatural creatures such as Grendel, Grendel’s mother, and a dragon. He showcases his immense strength and skill during these confrontations, displaying the qualities of a true hero.

The poem delves into the tension between good and evil, as Beowulf fights to protect his people and uphold their moral values. Loyalty is also a significant theme throughout the story, as characters remain faithful to their leaders and their kin.

By watching the full summary of “Beowulf” on YouTube, you will gain a deeper understanding of the poem’s rich tradition and the importance of its themes. The video may also include quotes and examples from the poem that highlight the motifs of courage, loyalty, and heroism.

Whether you want to write an essay, teach the poem, or simply explore its timeless themes, this summary will serve as a helpful resource. It will guide you through the epic battles, the conflicts between good and evil, and the complex identities of the characters.

So, if you’re interested in diving into the world of “Beowulf” and understanding why it is considered a classic of English literature, head over to YouTube and watch the full poem summary. It’s a great way to enhance your knowledge and appreciation of this epic masterpiece.

Throughout the poem, both the Christian and pagan beliefs are present. The characters often seek divine intervention and protection, praying to their respective gods in times of need. Beowulf himself acknowledges the existence of both supernatural and mortal powers, stating, “…we must all submit/to the final judgment of god” (line 1669-1670). This shows that even warriors as strong and skilled as Beowulf were aware of their mortality and the importance of religious faith in facing the challenges of life.

The clashes between Christianity and paganism are most evident in the battle against Grendel’s mother. Beowulf confronts a supernatural creature in a realm filled with pagan symbolism, and yet, he relies on God’s guidance and strength to defeat her. The conflict between good and evil is portrayed through this scene, emphasizing the importance of religious faith in overcoming adversity.

#2 Bestselling Book for Essay Writers

College Essay Essentials A Step-By-Step Guide to Writing a Successful College Admission Essay

Religion is also seen in the construction of the grand mead-hall, Heorot, by King Hrothgar. The hall symbolizes wealth and power, but it is also a place of community and gathering for the warriors. The custom of celebrating victories and sharing the spoils of war reflects the connections between religion, tradition, and politics. It is in this hall where Beowulf faces his greatest challenges and proves his worth as a hero.

In summary, religion is a recurring theme in Beowulf . It not only influences the actions and beliefs of the characters, but also serves as a guiding force in times of moral dilemma and conflict. The clashes between Christianity and paganism highlight the struggles faced by the characters and the importance of faith in their lives.

Flashcards See All

If you want to delve deeper into the themes and characters of Beowulf, flashcards can be a useful tool. Flashcards allow you to review important quotes, key themes, and significant events from the epic poem. You can use flashcards to test your knowledge, enhance your understanding, and improve your memory retention.

Flashcards are particularly helpful in exploring the timeless themes of courage, loyalty, and heroism in Beowulf. By using flashcards, you can easily remember the main characters, their actions, and their relationships. You can also use flashcards to remember key events and battles, such as Beowulf’s confrontations with Grendel and other supernatural creatures.

#3 Bestselling Book for Essay Writers

How To Write A 5-Paragraph Essay

Flashcards provide a handy summary of the poem, allowing you to see the connections between different parts of the story and appreciate the complexity of the narrative. They also highlight the importance of identity, religion, and tradition in Beowulf, as well as the significance of wealth and the customs of the time.

Flashcards can help you grasp the idea that Beowulf is not just a story of good versus evil, but also a reflection of the human condition, mortality, and the constant struggle between darkness and light. They showcase the courage, strength, and skill of the warriors in the poem, as well as the loyalty they display towards their leaders and fellow warriors. By using flashcards, you can explore the deeper meaning and symbolism behind the battles and heroism described in Beowulf.

If you want to learn more about Beowulf and its themes, you can find flashcards, quizzes, and teaching resources online. They can supplement your reading and help you better understand the poem. You can also find essays, analysis, and in-depth discussions on various aspects of Beowulf, including its famous quotes and the impact it has had on literature and culture.

Throughout the poem, Beowulf confronts supernatural creatures and battles evil, showcasing his skill and bravery. He goes to Heorot, Hrothgar’s famous mead-hall, to help the king and his people when they are terrorized by Grendel’s attacks. Beowulf’s identity as a warrior is defined by his courage and his willingness to put his own life on the line for the greater good.

On the other hand, Grendel represents the antithesis of these qualities. He is driven by a sense of violence and disrupts the peace and order of Hrothgar’s kingdom. Grendel’s attacks are not only physical but also symbolic of the disruption of social and cultural customs.

Identity vs. Loyalty

The theme of identity also explores the tension between individual identity and loyalty to a group or community. Beowulf is loyal to his people and fights for their protection, but he also has a strong individual identity as a hero. Similarly, Hrothgar is loyal to his kingdom and his customs, but he also must confront the challenge of navigating the complexities of kingship and maintaining his own identity.

Identity and Heroism

Beowulf’s identity as a hero is intricately tied to his ability to confront and defeat supernatural creatures. His strength, courage, and skill in battle are what make him a legendary warrior. The poem explores the connection between identity and heroism, suggesting that one’s identity is not only shaped by their actions but also by the perception of others.

In summary, the theme of identity in “Beowulf” is a complex one that is intertwined with loyalty, heroism, and courage. The characters in the poem struggle with their individual identities while also being loyal to their communities and traditions. The conflicts they face push them to confront their own mortality and showcase the timeless themes of the epic poem.

Beowulf FAQs

Beowulf is an epic poem written in Old English. It is one of the oldest surviving works of literature and tells the story of a hero named Beowulf who battles various supernatural creatures.

2. Who are the main characters in Beowulf?

The main characters in Beowulf include Beowulf himself, King Hrothgar, Grendel, Grendel’s mother, and Wiglaf.

3. What are the timeless themes in Beowulf?

Some of the timeless themes in Beowulf include courage, loyalty, heroism, and the battle between good and evil.

4. What is the main summary of Beowulf?

The main summary of Beowulf is the journey of a hero who confronts evil creatures and demonstrates his strength and skill in battles.

5. What is the significance of courage in Beowulf?

Courage is a central theme in Beowulf as the characters demonstrate bravery and valor in the face of danger and adversity.

6. Where does most of the action in Beowulf take place?

Most of the action in Beowulf takes place in Heorot, King Hrothgar’s mead hall.

7. Is loyalty an important aspect in Beowulf?

Yes, loyalty is a significant aspect in Beowulf as the characters display unwavering loyalty towards their king and their comrades in battle.

8. How does religion play a role in Beowulf?

Religion is intertwined with the story of Beowulf as the characters often rely on their faith in God and attribute their victories to divine intervention.

9. How does Beowulf’s identity as a hero change throughout the epic?

Beowulf’s identity as a hero evolves from being a young warrior seeking fame and glory to a wise and noble ruler who prioritizes the well-being of his people.

10. Are there any teaching materials available for Beowulf?

Yes, there are various teaching materials available for Beowulf, including quizzes, flashcards, analysis, and essay prompts, which can be found on educational platforms and websites.

11. Is there a film adaptation of Beowulf?

Yes, there have been several film adaptations of Beowulf, both live-action and animated, that bring the epic to life on the screen.

12. Where can I find more quotes from Beowulf?

You can find more quotes from Beowulf in the epic itself, or on websites and literary resources that provide a collection of notable quotes from the poem.

One of the central themes in “Beowulf” is courage. Beowulf, the protagonist, demonstrates great courage and fearlessness as he battles various supernatural creatures, such as Grendel’s mother and the dragon. His strength and skill in combat showcase his bravery and his willingness to confront evil for the greater good.

Loyalty is another significant theme in the poem. Beowulf exemplifies loyalty as he stays true to his word and remains loyal to King Hrothgar and his kingdom. He forms a strong bond with Hrothgar’s group of warriors and proves his loyalty by fighting battles alongside them.

In contrast, Grendel’s mother seeks revenge for her son’s death, showing loyalty to her own kind. The clash between loyalty to one’s group and loyalty to a larger cause is a recurring theme in “Beowulf.”

Heroism is a prevalent theme in “Beowulf,” as the poem celebrates the heroic deeds of its characters. Beowulf’s bravery and selflessness make him a renowned hero in the eyes of his people. His willingness to protect others, even at the cost of his own life, highlights the true essence of heroism.

The contrast between the heroism of Beowulf and the villainous actions of Grendel and his mother further emphasizes the theme of heroism. Beowulf’s courageous acts stand in stark contrast to the destructive nature of the monsters he confronts, showcasing the importance of heroism in the face of evil.

Overall, the themes of courage, loyalty, and heroism in “Beowulf” remain timeless, resonating with readers and viewers alike. These themes explore the complex nature of human identity and the choices individuals make in the face of adversity.

What are some of the timeless themes explored in Beowulf?

Some of the timeless themes explored in Beowulf are courage, loyalty, and heroism.

What is the summary of “Beowulf”?

“Beowulf” is an epic poem that tells the story of a hero named Beowulf who battles various monsters and defends his kingdom.

What are some of the characters in Beowulf?

Some of the characters in Beowulf include Beowulf himself, King Hrothgar, Grendel, and Grendel’s mother.

Why is Beowulf famous?

Beowulf is famous for its themes of courage, loyalty, and heroism, as well as its epic storytelling and historical significance.

Alex Koliada, PhD

By Alex Koliada, PhD

Alex Koliada, PhD, is a well-known doctor. He is famous for studying aging, genetics, and other medical conditions. He works at the Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics. His scientific research has been published in the most reputable international magazines. Alex holds a BA in English and Comparative Literature from the University of Southern California , and a TEFL certification from The Boston Language Institute.

Home / Essay Samples / Literature / Beowulf / Beowulf Character Analysis

Beowulf Character Analysis

  • Category: Literature , Life
  • Topic: Beowulf , Beowulf Hero

Pages: 3 (1376 words)

  • Downloads: -->

--> ⚠️ Remember: This essay was written and uploaded by an--> click here.

Found a great essay sample but want a unique one?

are ready to help you with your essay

You won’t be charged yet!

Happiness Essays

Respect Essays

Courage Essays

Responsibility Essays

Lord of The Flies Essays

Related Essays

We are glad that you like it, but you cannot copy from our website. Just insert your email and this sample will be sent to you.

By clicking “Send”, you agree to our Terms of service  and  Privacy statement . We will occasionally send you account related emails.

Your essay sample has been sent.

In fact, there is a way to get an original essay! Turn to our writers and order a plagiarism-free paper.

samplius.com uses cookies to offer you the best service possible.By continuing we’ll assume you board with our cookie policy .--> -->