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Essay on Environmental Pollution: 100 Words, 200 Words

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  • Updated on  
  • Aug 31, 2023

essay on environmental pollution

One of the biggest risks to life as we know it is environmental degradation. The water we drink, the air we breathe, and the ecosystems on which we depend are all impacted by pollution. People, animals, and plants will decline if pollution levels continue to rise since they won’t be able to adapt to a significantly altered environment. Are you struggling to write an essay on environmental pollution? If the answer is yes, then this blog will help you get some ideas to write an effective essay. Keep reading further to know more!

This Blog Includes:

Essay on environmental pollution – 100 words , essay on environmental pollution – 250 words , essay on environmental pollution – 500 words .

The presence of contaminants in the environment is referred to as pollution. Gases like Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Carbon Monoxide (CO), among others; solid pollutants like plastic, sewage, etc.; and chemicals like fertilisers, as well as those produced as byproducts in manufacturing, transportation, etc., are a few examples of polluting substances.

The immediate result of pollution is that it makes the world’s natural resources useless or toxic to use, as well as leads to the extinction of species and ecological imbalance. To stop more harm from occurring to the earth and its inhabitants due to environmental pollution, it is imperative to take proactive precautions.

Also Read: Essay on Pollution in Hindi 

When undesired elements, or pollutants, are present in the environment, it is said to be polluted. The environment is severely harmed by pollution, which poses a direct threat to it. Although the world has begun to understand the importance of addressing pollution if the planet and its biodiversity are to be conserved there is still a long way to go.

Everything that makes up the environment, including the air, water bodies, flora, and wildlife, is impacted by pollution in one way or another. There are four main types of pollution – Air Pollution, Water Pollution, Noise Pollution and Soil or Land Pollution . Additionally, pollution contributes to global issues including acid rain, global warming, and greenhouse gas consequences. A rise in the planet’s average surface temperature is referred to as global warming, and it causes starvation, floods, and droughts.

Environmental pollution has a wide-ranging impact. In addition to the current effects of pollution, a lack of effective pollution prevention measures also imperils the future of various species. The pollution is causing harm at a far faster rate than it can be healed. Reversing the environmental harm we have caused could take generations, and even then, it won’t be simple. It will require tight discipline and commitment to stop pollution.

The best ways feasible are being used by various nations to respond to these catastrophes. More efforts are being launched to raise public awareness about the dangers of pollution and the importance of preserving our ecosystem. Greener lifestyles are gaining popularity; examples include using wind and solar energy, new climate-friendly cars, and energy-efficient lighting. 

Also Read: Environmental Conservation

Pollution is the term used to describe the entry of pollutants into the environment. Noise, water, and air pollution are only a few of the several types of pollution. There is a direct relationship between the rise of pollution levels and illnesses among people. Therefore, it is important for everyone to be knowledgeable about pollution, its impacts, and effective ways to eliminate it. Our environment needs a balanced combination of all components, just like our body requires a balanced diet. The environment is polluted by any substance that is present above that limit for example rise in the levels of nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes harm to human health due to poor air quality. 

All forms of pollution, whether in the air, water, soil, or noise, have a negative impact on living things. Deadly diseases that are brought on by the contamination of soil, water, air, or sound affect organisms.

Among the most common disorders brought on by air pollution are acute lower respiratory infections in children, ischemic heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer. Air pollution is a major contributor to a number of ailments in India, including strokes, bronchitis, heart attacks, lung diseases, cancer, and early mortality from heart disorders. The most pressing issue in the world now is global warming, which is caused by air pollution.

Around the world, poor drinking water quality is the reason behind 50% of child deaths and 80% of illnesses, including more than 50 different diseases. Water pollution causes diarrhoea, skin diseases, malnutrition, and even cancer, as well as other issues that are related to it.

 Every day, noise pollution has an effect on millions of people. The most frequent result of this is noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Loud noises have the potential to cause stress, high blood pressure, heart disease, and sleep difficulties. Children in particular are prone to these health issues across the board in terms of age groups. Noise pollution is extremely harmful, and it’s especially deadlier for people with heart issues. 

Use of the 3Rs, or reduce, reuse, and recycle, is the first step in reducing pollution. People should use air conditioners less since they generate noxious gases, such as ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons, which will minimise air pollution.

Reducing the number of vehicles on the road will also help to clean up the planet’s air. The more often cars are used, the more dangerous chemicals like sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons that contribute to major air pollution are released into the atmosphere.

Increasing public awareness is a further means of reducing pollution on Earth. Through programmes like the “Go Green” campaign, which urges people to plant more trees and use recyclable materials in their daily lives, awareness can be raised about the significance of eliminating pollution on Earth. The “Earth Hour” is another globally recognised event that calls for everyone to turn off all lights for one hour in order to raise awareness of the significance of reducing electricity usage in order to minimise pollution on Earth.

The government’s obligation to maintain national laws is one way to reduce pollution on Earth. Offenders should be subject to harsh penalties, such as increased fines and longer prison terms, which will force them to reconsider their influence on the environment and serve as a message to those who are not currently involved but who might be in the future.

Must Read: Essay on Pollution: Elements, Type, Format & Samples

Light Pollution  Radioactive Pollution  Soil Pollution  Water Pollution  Air Pollution  Thermal Pollution  Noise Pollution 

Mentioned below are some of the ways to control environmental pollution:  Walk or ride a bicycle to work instead of driving. While replacing a car go for a fuel-efficient vehicle.  When leaving the room turn off the lights and television to save energy.  Buy energy-efficient appliances. 

There are many things that cause pollution such as by-products of coal-fueled power plants, vehicle emissions, fumes from chemical production, etc.  

We hope you got some ideas to write an effective essay on environmental pollution. To read more informative articles like this one, keep following Leverage Edu . 

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Essay on Pollution for Students and Children

500+ words essay on pollution.

Pollution is a term which even kids are aware of these days. It has become so common that almost everyone acknowledges the fact that pollution is rising continuously. The term ‘pollution’ means the manifestation of any unsolicited foreign substance in something. When we talk about pollution on earth, we refer to the contamination that is happening of the natural resources by various pollutants . All this is mainly caused by human activities which harm the environment in ways more than one. Therefore, an urgent need has arisen to tackle this issue straightaway. That is to say, pollution is damaging our earth severely and we need to realize its effects and prevent this damage. In this essay on pollution, we will see what are the effects of pollution and how to reduce it.

essay on pollution

Effects of Pollution

Pollution affects the quality of life more than one can imagine. It works in mysterious ways, sometimes which cannot be seen by the naked eye. However, it is very much present in the environment. For instance, you might not be able to see the natural gases present in the air, but they are still there. Similarly, the pollutants which are messing up the air and increasing the levels of carbon dioxide is very dangerous for humans. Increased level of carbon dioxide will lead to global warming .

Further, the water is polluted in the name of industrial development, religious practices and more will cause a shortage of drinking water. Without water, human life is not possible. Moreover, the way waste is dumped on the land eventually ends up in the soil and turns toxic. If land pollution keeps on happening at this rate, we won’t have fertile soil to grow our crops on. Therefore, serious measures must be taken to reduce pollution to the core.

Get English Important Questions here

Types of Pollution

  • Air Pollution
  • Water Pollution
  • Soil Pollution

How to Reduce Pollution?

After learning the harmful effects of pollution, one must get on the task of preventing or reducing pollution as soon as possible. To reduce air pollution, people should take public transport or carpool to reduce vehicular smoke. While it may be hard, avoiding firecrackers at festivals and celebrations can also cut down on air and noise pollution. Above all, we must adopt the habit of recycling. All the used plastic ends up in the oceans and land, which pollutes them.

environmental pollution essay with headings

So, remember to not dispose of them off after use, rather reuse them as long as you can. We must also encourage everyone to plant more trees which will absorb the harmful gases and make the air cleaner. When talking on a bigger level, the government must limit the usage of fertilizers to maintain the soil’s fertility. In addition, industries must be banned from dumping their waste into oceans and rivers, causing water pollution.

To sum it up, all types of pollution is hazardous and comes with grave consequences. Everyone must take a step towards change ranging from individuals to the industries. As tackling this problem calls for a joint effort, so we must join hands now. Moreover, the innocent lives of animals are being lost because of such human activities. So, all of us must take a stand and become a voice for the unheard in order to make this earth pollution-free.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

FAQs on Pollution

Q.1 What are the effects of pollution?

A.1 Pollution essentially affects the quality of human life. It degrades almost everything from the water we drink to the air we breathe. It damages the natural resources needed for a healthy life.

Q.2 How can one reduce pollution?

A.2 We must take individual steps to reduce pollution. People should decompose their waster mindfully, they should plant more trees. Further, one must always recycle what they can and make the earth greener.

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Home — Essay Samples — Environment — Pollution — The Impact of Pollution on the Environment

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The Impact of Pollution on The Environment

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Published: Feb 12, 2024

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  • Ambient (outdoor) air pollution. (2018). Retrieved from [insert URL]
  • The United Nations world water development report 2017. (2017). Retrieved from [insert URL]

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environmental pollution essay with headings

Environmental Pollution Essay in English 150 Words & 500 Words

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By Vijay Gupta

Updated on: November 30, 2021

Environmental Pollution Essay in English 150 Words

In this article, you’ll know how to write an environmental pollution essay in English 150 words and 500 words. By the way, there is a bundle of articles on Google related to pollution, but I didn’t find any of them very efficient.

That’s why I’m going to write an effective environmental pollution essay in English 150 words and 500 words with proper headings.

I know that students want to write an impressive environmental pollution essay in English 150 words, 300 words, 500 words, etc.

But, due to lack of knowledge, they are unable to do so. Actually, the essay on pollution is so important that it’s asked in almost all the classes.

Read, how to write an essay on science and technology ?

So, if you are a student, you must prepare an environmental pollution essay in English 150 words at least.

Hence, without wasting your valuable time let’s start writing the environmental pollution essay in English 150 words and 500 words.

Table of Contents

Essay on Environmental Pollution in 500 words with Headings –

1. introduction –.

In earlier days, environmental pollution was not so popular as today. But as we’re moving towards progress, pollution is increasing rapidly.

Pollution means contaminating the environment.

In today’s time, pollution is one of the biggest problems all over the world. Every country wants to get rid of it as soon as possible.

Actually, pollution has the most impact on the environment due to which it’s affecting our daily life.

Although a few decades ago we used to breathe fresh air and drink pure water, but today both of them have become polluted enough.

Consequently, it’s becoming harder to survive.

Read also, Diwali essay with proper headings.

2. Kinds of pollution –

Well, there are many types of pollutions on earth, but here I’m telling you about some of them that are very harmful to human life.

  • Air pollution
  • Water pollution
  • Sound pollution
  • Radioactive pollution
  • Land Pollution

( a ) Air pollution –

Air problem is one of the critical issues on earth. Every country is facing difficulties related to it.

Air pollution has increased so much that it’s very difficult to handle. Consequently, people are facing many types of problems related to breathing, lungs, etc.

The biggest reason for increasing air pollution is noxious gases and chemicals in the environment.

This is why, sometimes when we pass through a factory-dominated area, we feel very hard to breathe due to strange smelly gases as the air in that area contains a lot of noxious gases which cause difficulty.

In addition, these toxic gases move up into the atmosphere, resulting in acidic rain.

See also, how to write an essay on my favourite teacher ?

( b ) Water pollution –

No one can deny that water is one of the most essential things to survive for a human being. Although people are aware of water pollution, but they don’t pay much attention to it.

Today, no lake or pond is untouched by contaminated water. It’s only because of toxic chemicals and wastewater from the factories. Also, it’s due to the wastes thrown into the water by irresponsible people.

Consequently, people are getting many diseases and even the life of aquatic animals is in danger.

Today, drinking water has become so contaminated that we want to drink purified water. As a result, we are using different types of water purifiers at home.

Do you know how to write an essay on COVID 19 in English ?

( c ) Sound pollution –

As we know, sound pollution is a very big problem in our society. It’s also a type of environmental pollution.

Although science and technology weren’t so popular in the olden days, but as time passed away science and technology began to grow.

As a result, different types of vehicles are made.

Today, the number of vehicles has increased so much that it has become a little difficult to reduce the noise pollution produced by them as sound pollution is only caused by the loud noise of vehicles.

Hence, sound pollution is as dangerous as other pollution because you may have hearing loss due to it.

( d ) Radioactive pollution –

Radioactive pollution is defined as the physical pollution of a living organism. It’s mostly produced when a nuclear explosion occurs, nuclear weapons are tested or radioactive ore is mined.

Radioactive pollution causes many types of serious diseases such as cancer, leukemia, anemia, cardiovascular diseases, etc.

In addition, due to radioactive pollution, people are getting old prematurely.

Also, Infertility is found in soil due to it. As a result, the soil has become highly toxic and the crops are spoiling.

Know also, how to write an essay on Swachh Bharat Abhiyan ?

( e ) Land pollution –

Although very few people know about this pollution, but it’s also dangerous pollution on earth.

This pollution occurs when the soil is contaminated by fertilizers and a variety of chemicals.

You must have noticed that nowadays crops are being produced by using a lot of chemicals in the fields, which is very harmful to land or soil.

Another reason for land pollution is that uneducated and rural people are doing deforestation so that they can gather wood to meet their needs.

3. Conclusion –

As you know that all kinds of pollutions are increasing day by day. Hence, it’s very important to reduce them.

Otherwise, you will see their appalling effects on the environment in the future.

The government should also start a movement on a large scale to control devastation. Some strict rules should be made in such a way that the public can follow them strictly.

Additionally, people themselves should be responsible for it and take an oath to stop it at their level.

Read the article on newspaper essay in English .

Short essay on pollution in English or Paragraph on Environmental Pollution in 100 words –

The actual meaning of pollution is contaminating the environment. It also refers to impurity, dirt, dust, etc.

Pollution has become a very big problem in every country. There are many types of pollutions, but some of them are very harmful to human beings.

The main problem of pollution is artificial construction. Air pollution, water pollution, land pollution, sound pollution are the most common pollutions on earth.

Pollution devastated the whole of nature. All the countries are trying to reduce it by doing their best practices.

As we’re doing progress, pollution is also increasing. So, along with the government, we should also try to stop it.

Do you want to write social media addiction essay ?

Environmental Pollution Essay in English 150 Words or Essay on Pollution in 150 Words –

Pollution is the biggest problem in the world. Today, every country is facing problems related to it. The real meaning of pollution is to pollute the environment.

It’s available in the environment in various forms like water pollution, air pollution, noise pollution, radioactive pollution, land pollution, etc.

But, air and water pollution are at their peak. Factories are the main reason for increasing air and water pollution.

Similarly, as technology has advanced, land and radioactive pollution have increased.

In other words, you can say that pollution is directly proportional to progress. Due to pollution, people are surrounded by many diseases.

It’s true that the temperature of the earth increases with increasing air pollution. The harmful smoke in the environment is being inhaled by the people causing diseases. Apart from this, there are many other pollutions which are affecting the lives of the people.

If we care a little about pollution, we can stop it to some extent by our efforts. Moreover, the government should also make some strict rules, which must be followed by the people.

Know, how to write an essay on the historical place ?

FAQs on Environmental Pollution Essay in English –

Whatever the pollution is. It always harms human lives. 1. Air pollution is responsible for diseases related to breathing and lungs. 2. Water pollution is dangerous for aquatic animals as well as humans. 3. Sound pollution is turning people deaf. 4. Land pollution is spoiling crops and fertility.

There are only two ways to reduce pollution. 1. The government should make some strict rules on that. 2. People should try to stop it from their own end.

Humans can make the environment better by helping others to plant trees and using maximum water resources. Moreover, they should install some equipment such as solar heaters, solar cookers, etc.

Final words –

Ultimately, I hope that now you won’t have any type of problem writing an environment pollution essay in English 150 words and 500 words with headings.

It means, whether you are interested to write an environmental pollution essay in English 150 words or 500 words, you can easily write it.

If you really liked the article, please share it with those who need it.

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Vijay Gupta

Hello everyone, My name is Vijay Gupta and I belong to a very small town that is situated in district Hardoi, which is in Uttar Pradesh. 1. Education – I’ve completed my primary education from a private school that is situated in my hometown and upper primary, matric and higher secondary education have been completed from a government college. Well, I was an average student till class 5th, but I accelerated my preference towards studies from class six. Consequently, I passed out many classes with good positions. Even I passed out 12th with good marks ( 405/500 ) and topped my college. Due to getting good marks, I got a cheque of 500 rupees and was rewarded by the Principal of my college. After completing my 12th, I prepared twice for IIT ( Indian Institute of Technology ) from Aakash institute, but unfortunately, I failed to get selected into the best IIT colleges. But during the preparation, I was being graduated from CSJMU Kanpur. I completed my graduation in 2016 and now I’m pursuing an educational degree ( B.Ed. ). 2. Profession – Although I love teaching, but I also do blogging. Both are my favorite jobs.

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Essay on Environmental Pollution for Students in 1200 Words

Essay on Environmental Pollution for Students and Children in 1000 Words

In this article we have published an essay on environmental pollution for students and children in 1000+ words. It includes history, sources, types, effects and control measures for environmental pollution.

You can also read a detailed article on Pollution – What is Pollution? Complete Guide (Click Here)

Table of Contents

Essay on Environmental Pollution (1000 Words)

Mixing of contaminants into the natural environment, which causes an adverse change in the environment, is known as environmental pollution.

Environmental pollution can take the shape of chemical substances or energy, like noise, heat, or light. Pollutants, the components of Pollution, are often either foreign substances/energies or present contaminants. Pollution is usually classed as the beginning or non-point source pollution.

In 2015, Pollution killed 9 million people within the world. Significant sorts of environmental Pollution include Pollution, light pollution, littering, sound Pollution, plastic Pollution, soil contamination, radioactive contamination, Pollution, visual Pollution, Pollution.

History of Pollution

Air pollution has always accompanied civilizations and has been a significant lead in environmental Pollution.

Pollution started from prehistoric times when man created the primary fires, “soot” was found on ceilings of ancient caves provides ample evidence of the high levels of air pollution was created because of inadequate ventilation of open fires.”

The creation of metal forging has played a crucial turning point in creating severe air pollution levels outside the houses. Core samples of glaciers in Greenland show increases in Pollution related to Greek, Roman, and Chinese metal production.

What Are Sources of Pollution?

The burning of coal and wood, the presence of many horses in concentrated areas, made the cities the first sources of Pollution. The economic Revolution brought an infusion of untreated chemicals and wastes into local streams that served because of the water system.

The burning of sea-coal was banned in London by King Edward I of England after its smoke became a problem; the fuel was so prevalent in England that this earliest of names for it had been gained because it might be carted far away from some shores by the wheelbarrow.

It was the economic Revolution that gave birth to environmental Pollution as we all know it today. London also recorded one among the sooner extreme cases of water quality problems with the excellent Stink on the Thames of 1858, which led to the construction of the London sewerage system soon afterward.

Pollution issues escalated as an increase far exceeded the viability of neighborhoods to handle their waste problem. The reformers claimed the demand for sewer systems and clean water.

The large quantities of coal were consumed by the emerging factories giving rise to unprecedented Pollution. This led to an enormous volume of chemical discharge, which added to the growing load of untreated wastes — the first two American cities Chicago and Cincinnati to enact laws ensuring cleaner air in 1881.

In the early twentieth century, environmental Pollution became a severe issue as progressive reformers took effect with Pollution caused by coal burning. Pollution caused by inadequate sanitation and street pollution caused by the three million horses who worked in American cities in the 1900s generated vast quantities of urine and manure.

Nuclear weapons continued to be tested within the conflict, especially within the earlier stages of their development. Though extreme care has been taken but still disastrous, incidents like those at Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, and Fukushima pose a lingering specter of public mistrust.

Worldwide publicity has been intense in those disasters. Widespread support for ban treaties has ended most nuclear testing within the atmosphere.

Pollution introduced by light in the dark is becoming a global problem, more severe in urban centers, but also contaminating vast territories, distant from towns. Increasing evidence of global and local Pollution and public information available over time has given rise to public awareness, which has to lead to the environmental movement to limit the human impact on the environment.

What Are the Major Types of Environmental Pollution?

1. air pollution.

Read more about – Air pollution

Air pollution may be a mixture of solid particles and gases within the air. Car emissions, chemicals from factories, dust, pollen, and mold spores could also be suspended as particles.

Ozone, a gas, maybe a significant part of Pollution in cities. When ozone forms Pollution, it is also called smog. Some air pollutants are poisonous.

2. Plastic Pollution

Read more about – Plastic Pollution

Plastic Pollution is the accumulation of plastic objects and particles (e.g., plastic bottles, bags, and microbeads) within the Earth’s environment that adversely affects wildlife, wildlife habitat, and humans. Plastics that act as pollutants are categorized into micro – or macro debris supported size.

3. Soil Pollution

Read more about – Soil Pollution

Soil is the thin layer of inorganic and organic materials that covers the rocky surface of the Earth, which gets polluted because of the persistent toxic compounds, salts, radioactive material, etc. which has an adverse effect on the health of the soil.

4. Water Pollution

Read more about – Water Pollution

The contamination of water bodies because of human activities is known as water pollution. Water bodies include, for instance, lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers, and groundwater; the release of waste and contaminants into surface runoff flowing to surface waters groundwater pollution from waste disposal and leaching into the bottom, including from pit latrines and septic tanks; eutrophication and littering.

It includes urban runoff and agricultural runoff, which can contain chemical fertilizers and pesticides; also including human feces from open defecation–still a severe problem in many developing countries.

5. Radioactive Pollution

Read more about – Radioactive Pollution

The dangerous Pollution is defined as the release of poisonous substance because of the results of freedom of radioactive materials into the environment during nuclear explosions and testing of atomic weapons, the weapon of mass destruction production and decommissioning mining of radioactive ores, handling and disposal of radioactive material, and accidents at nuclear power plants.

Effects of Environmental Pollution

There are adverse effects of Pollution on all living organisms on Earth. Ozone pollution can cause respiratory illness, disorder, throat inflammation, pain, and congestion. Pollution causes approximately 14,000 deaths per day, mostly thanks to contamination of beverage by untreated sewage in developing countries.

About 500 million Indians haven’t any access to a correct toilet, over ten million people in India fell ill with waterborne illnesses in 2013, and 1,535 people died, most of them children.

Nearly 500 million Chinese lack access to a safe beverage. A 2010 analysis estimated that 1.2 million people died prematurely annually in China because of Pollution. The top smog levels China has been facing for an extended time can damage to civilians’ bodies and generate uncommon diseases.

The WHO estimated in 2007 that Pollution causes half 1,000,000 deaths per annum in India. Studies have determined uncommon diseases that the number of individuals killed annually within us might be over 50,000.

Also read – Rainwater Harvesting

Environmental Health Information

The Toxicology and Environmental Health Information Program (TEHIP) at our National Library of drugs (NLM) maintains a comprehensive toxicology and environmental health internet site that has access to resources produced by TEHIP and by other government organizations.

This links to the database, bibliographies, and tutorials are included in the internet site. TOXMAP may be a Geographic data system (GIS) that’s a part of TOXNET. TOXMAP uses maps of us to assist users visually explore data from our Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Toxics Release Inventory and Superfund Basic Research Programs.

How to Control Environmental Pollution?

Environmental pollution management (Solutions) termed pollution control, to control emissions and effluents into the water, air, or soil.

The waste products generated from various types of human activities like agriculture, mining, manufacturing, transportation, overconsumption, heating, etc. with pollution control, whether they accumulate or disperse, will degrade the environment.

Within the hierarchy of controls, pollution prevention and waste minimization are more desirable than pollution control. Within the field of exploitation, low-affected development may be a similar technique to prevent urban runoff.

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Environmental Pollution Essay

The essay on environmental pollution explains how the earth and its natural resources are under the ever-increasing threat of pollution. All life on earth is threatened by this vicious process initiated by human intervention. The pollutants released from all kinds of human activity, including industrial processes, have had devastating effects on the delicate balance of nature. The most common forms of environmental pollution are air pollution, water pollution, and soil pollution. Environmental pollution has to be addressed as the most pressing problem facing humanity now, and solutions have to be implemented before it is too late. Pollution has been causing damage to natural resources in every corner of the world for decades, but it seems that we have been running away from taking any positive measures to mitigate its impact on the environment. This environmental pollution essay in English will help children realise these factors and instruct them to conserve the environment and handle natural resources with the care they deserve.

Environmental Pollution Essay

Reasons for Environmental Pollution

Environmental pollution is a significant problem in the world today. Some industries release chemicals into the air, which cause harm to the ozone layer that shields us from UV radiation. Some industries release harmful chemicals into water resources. These emissions will be carried by wind and rain and deposited on land or ocean surfaces.

Overpopulation is one of the primary reasons for massive environmental pollution. Besides, it has resulted due to improper waste disposal, hazardous chemical emissions, an increase in the number of factories, and overuse of natural resources.

Suggested Article: Causes of Environmental Pollution

Measures to Avoid Environmental Pollution

With the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, it is possible to limit global warming and reduce pollution at the same time. One of the leading causes of environmental pollution is the production, transportation and disposal of electronic waste. Companies should install recycling systems for computers and cell phones to reduce their need for landfills.

One of the measures to avoid pollution is to reduce the use of plastics. This includes using fewer disposable containers, choosing reusable bags, and reducing the use of plastics. Another way to avoid pollution is by recycling and disposing of waste responsibly.

Help kids learn how to write an essay on environmental pollution by asking them to read this essay.

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Environmental Pollution and Its Effect on Health

Environmental pollution is one of the fundamental factors directly affecting climate change. Due to the active production and human use of fossil fuel products, industrial enterprises’ activities exert intense pressure on the environment. Air pollution has a direct negative impact not only on the climatic situation but also on people’s health throughout the country. The most vulnerable category of the population to climate change is adults over 65 since external factors most strongly influence their health.

Industrial enterprises for the extraction and processing of fossil fuels are located throughout the United States of America. Moreover, agricultural activities and natural disasters, such as seasonal forest fires, substantially impact the ecological situation. Moreover, given the air masses’ movement and the cyclical nature of many biological processes, it is fair to conclude that air pollution problems are national. First of all, the increased content of heavy particles such as CO2, N2O, and NH3 has a severe impact on the human respiratory system. The lungs receive additional stress due to respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic objective pulmonary illness.

Furthermore, the lack of pure oxygen in the body harms other human organs: the brain, heart, and digestive system. According to new data from the World Health Organization (WHO) (2018), 9 out of 10 people breathe air with an increased concentration of pollutants. The WHO estimates that 7 million people die each year from the effects of inhaling air-containing particulate matter causing diseases such as stroke, heart disease, lung cancer, and pneumonia (World Health Organization, 2018). Older people are most vulnerable to environmental pollution, as their level of immunity weakens with age.

The negative impact of human-made pollution sources is actively affecting climate change. First of all, the above factors affect the increase in temperature in the atmosphere. According to the Lancet Countdown, temperature-related deaths in people over 65 have increased by 50% in the past twenty years (Watts et al., 2020). In the southern regions, there is an increased risk associated with an increase in atmospheric temperature, which in the long term will lead to droughts, floods, and, as a result, food crises. In addition, high temperatures increase the rate at which infectious diseases such as malaria spread, which also poses additional risks in some countries (Fairweather, 2020). Thus, the problem of climate change is not only national but also goes to the global level.

To solve this problem, a systematic and comprehensive approach is required, the application of which will take a relatively long period. In climate change, due to air pollution, the main force to prevent environmental disasters need to change the approach to the production of substances from fossil fuels. First of all, increased taxation and legislative acts limiting the number of harmful products will reduce the burden on the environment. Recent technological solutions allow the use of renewable energy sources with increasing efficiency. Large companies gradually lose the need to use coal or petroleum products. Conglomerates continue to use them due to low prices. Therefore, government intervention is needed, aimed not to adjusting the market as a harmful environmental consequence.

Due to the rapid development and massive use of modern technologies by the population, people’s way of life has changed. In the twenty-first century, the world community is ready to actively assist the government by applying the principles of conscious consumption and reducing the emissions of solid and gaseous waste into nature. People are beginning to use public transport, bicycles, and other transportation, emitting several times fewer emissions than cars.

Moreover, the environmental agenda is growing: citizens choose special packaging of products, strive to sort waste into categories, and the state needs to support private initiatives at the federal and local levels (Akhtar & Palagiano, 2018). First of all, it is necessary to create all the conditions to make it easier for people to choose environmentally friendly products, create additional waste sorting centers, and raise citizens’ education in environmental matters. This can be done both by legislative acts, there and by local decisions.

The problem of climate change and air pollution is global. Accordingly, a considerable number of people are subject to changes that affect their daily life. Consequently, there is an additional burden on the health care system. If the current trend continues, the situation runs the risk of spiraling out of control due to medical institutions’ limited capacity. The pandemic of the COVID-19 virus, which has spread worldwide, has demonstrated the existence of vulnerabilities in the healthcare system (Richardson, 2020). In cases where many people need the qualified help, medical institutions may not cope with the load. In the event of critical climate changes, implying global cataclysms, the healthcare system will not be able to cope with the task.

To sum up, climate change is primarily due to the high level of harmful substances emissions into the atmosphere. According to statistics, every year, more and more people over 65 years old directly feel the consequences of the changes. First of all, to reduce environmental change, it is necessary to introduce stringent measures for large industrial enterprises and agricultural centers. Increasing ecological awareness of the population also favorably contributes to curbing global warming and, as a result, reduces people’s vulnerability to disease.

Akhtar, R., & Palagiano, C. (2018). Climate change and air pollution . Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.

Watts, N., Amann, M., Arnell, N., Ayeb-Karlsson, S., Beagley, J., Belesova, K.,… & Capstick, S. (2020). The 2020 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: Responding to converging crises. The Lancet . Web.

World Health Organization. (2018). Air pollution and child health: Prescribing clean air: Summary (WHO Reference Number WHO/CED/PHE/18.01). Web.

Richardson, S. J., et al. (2020). Research with older people in a world with COVID-19: identification of current and future priorities, challenges and opportunities. Age and Ageing, 49 (6), 901-906.

Fairweather, V., Hertig, E., and Traidl‐Hoffmann, C. (2020). A brief introduction to climate change and health. Allergy, 75(9), 2352-2354. Web.

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Essay on Pollution for Students

Being aware of pollution is quite mandatory for all the students these days. In order to become a responsible citizen of the world for future generations, every child should know how human activities are leaving an impact on the environment and nature. This topic is quite crucial. And, school children should learn how to write an interesting essay on ‘Pollution’ effortlessly. Take a glance below. 

A Few Things to Keep in Mind:

Never ever hurry to write the essay.

Think properly and jot down your thoughts before proceeding.

Divide your write-up into a few segments such as - introduction, main body - you can make a few points as per the topic and a conclusion.

Try writing short paragraphs. Short and crisp sentences are also a great way to avoid silly mistakes.

Adding factual data wherever required is important such as year, date etc.|

Essay on Pollution

Introduction.

Pollution has become a very common yet serious issue in today’s world. It has been there in different forms since a long time even before human evolution such as volcanic eruptions, wildfire which lead to various photochemical reactions in the atmosphere. The current concern is that it is rising day by day due to various resources of pollutants. And, one of the main pollutants are humans and man-made machines. It is right to say that pollution is damaging the mother earth severely and we, humans, should play our part to prevent it from happening.

What is Pollution?

Pollution sepsis is the presence of contaminants in the natural environment that causes harm and damage and therefore leads to adverse changes.

Kinds of Pollution

There are mainly three kinds of pollution - 1) Air Pollution, 2) Water Pollution, and 3) Soil Pollution. 

Air Pollution

Air Pollution occurs due to the presence of harmful gases and substances in the air. It is due to vehicle emission, dust and dirt, poisonous gasses from the factories etc. To reduce air pollution, we should use carpooling or public transport rather than using our private mode of transportation whose harmful gas emission only adds to the problem, we should also actively avoid burning trash or other materials etc.

Water Pollution

Water Pollution happens when toxic substances get mixed in various water bodies such as lakes, oceans, rivers etc. Here toxic substances refer to the Chemical fertilizer, Industrial waste, Sewage and wastewater, Mining activities, Marine dumping etc.

Soil Pollution

Soil pollution depicts the contamination of soil due to the presence of toxic substances due to Excessive use of fertilisers and pesticides, deforestation, industrial waste etc . To maintain the soil’s fertility, the government must limit the usage of fertilizers and plant more trees.

There are a few other pollutants causing pollution apart from the aforementioned ones, such as Radioactive pollution. This is one of the rarer types of pollution. It occurs due to the presence of radioactive substances such as the presence of nuclear waste in air, solids, liquids or any other place.

Effects of Pollution on Human Health

Pollution is increasingly having a major effect on the health of human lives. People are gettin g affected by different types of deadly diseases due to the various pollution in air, water and soil. Here are the different diseases humans face due to different pollution.

Due to Air Pollution

Air is an essential part of human life. Humans cannot live without breathing air. But, air pollution causes major damage to human lives. Here are some of the major diseases caused due to air pollution.

Lung cancer

Major coronary heart disease

Respiratory problems

Due to Water Pollution

Water is another source of life. Any living being cannot survive without drinking water. But the continuous degradation and pollution of major water bodies are also causing deadly diseases to humans and animals. It is also affecting marine life. Since water is consumed all the time, it’s pollution is causing a lot of deadly diseases. Some of the major diseases caused by water pollution are as follows:

Hepatitis A

Diarrhoea 

Due to Soil Pollution

Soil is an important part of our lives. The land on which we are walking or travelling is made with soil. Due to all the chemicals mixed with the soil and degradation due to the same, it is inevitable that many harmful chemicals come in contact with our body and cause many skin diseases or in forms of food crops that are planted on such polluted soil. Direct contact can cause a lot of problems for us humans. Some of the major diseases caused due to soil pollution are as follows:

Different types of cancer

Damage of the nervous system due to contact with lead present in the soil.

liver and kidney failure

What are the Different Methods to Reduce Pollution?

The degrading quality of all the important elements like air, water and soil is affecting the lives of many children, adults as well as animals. We need to keep our environment safe and use effective methods to reduce pollution. 

Methods to reduce Air Pollution

Some of the effective methods to reduce air pollution are as follows:

Regulation of air through chimneys: The industries should disintegrate the harmful gas from the air prior to its release from the chimneys. They should check and avoid using harmful gases, which are the major causes of air pollution.

Use of public transport or cycle: If you are travelling to distant places, it is recommended to take public transport. Or if you are going to any shops or buying any garment, it is always better to use your cycle. Public transport can take you to different places along with other people; this will help reduce air pollution. If you can cycle, it will reduce air pollution and another added benefit is that it will keep your health in check.

Reduction of fires and smokes: In the dry season, many people burn plastic, papers, dry leaves, which creates a big fire and smoke that creates a harmful layer of fog suspended in the atmosphere. It is better if you stop burning plastic to reduce smoke.

Methods to Reduce Water Pollution

Some of the effective methods to reduce water pollution are as follows:

Avoid disposing of plastic and waste materials: To keep the water free from any pollution, the first thing is to avoid disposing of any sort of plastics or food waste water material in water. The waste materials get dissolved in the water and harm the aquatic life along with those who drink the water. 

Reduce use of chemicals: you should avoid purchasing harmful chemical products that can get mixed with the water and pollute it. The biggest examples are pesticides and insecticides, which causes a major effect on marine life.

Reduce use of detergents: Detergents have many strong chemicals which can cause the leather to water and wash your clothes. If these detergents get mixed with water, they can pollute the soil.

Methods to Reduce Soil Pollution 

Some of the methods to reduce soil pollution are as follows:

Avoid disposing of harmful chemicals: The industries should avoid disposing of harmful chemicals in the soil. It can change the structure and components of the soil making it an unusable surface of land for vegetation. 

Eat food in biodegradable containers: As you dispose of the food containers in dustbins, it is good to use biodegradable food containers despite using plastic containers, which are harmful to the soil.

Plant more trees: The structure of the soil can be improved by planting more trees. Trees help to hold the soil together and improve the soil quality. Hence we should plant more trees.

How to Reduce Pollution Gradually?

Upon learning about the harmful effects of pollution, it is everyone’s responsibility to take some steps towards prevention. We should be aware of all the possible preventive measures to help reduce every kind of pollution such as to curb air pollution, we should avoid bursting crackers during any festival or using public transport or carpool to reduce air pollution or cutting down the usage of loud loudspeaker, and public honking would help in noise pollution. We should always be aware of this situation and take measures accordingly. It’s us who should be cautious in the beginning and make everyone else surrounding us conscious as well. We should take eco-friendly steps like planting more trees, reducing the usage of plastic, using more sustainable products in the household etc. while talking about the pollution of the entire world, you should always remember that every small step will lead to a bigger impact one day.

In a nutshell, every kind of pollution leaves a huge negative impact on our environment, human lives, animals etc. We, as responsible citizens, must take steps towards a better tomorrow. We must join hands to take various initiatives and fight against this problem. A lot of innocent lives are put in danger due to pollution every day. If we don’t do anything from now on or take a stand to make the earth pollution-free, then the doomsday will be upon us very soon.

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REVIEW article

Environmental and health impacts of air pollution: a review.

\nIoannis Manisalidis,
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  • 1 Delphis S.A., Kifisia, Greece
  • 2 Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
  • 3 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Service de Médicine Interne, Lausanne, Switzerland
  • 4 School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

One of our era's greatest scourges is air pollution, on account not only of its impact on climate change but also its impact on public and individual health due to increasing morbidity and mortality. There are many pollutants that are major factors in disease in humans. Among them, Particulate Matter (PM), particles of variable but very small diameter, penetrate the respiratory system via inhalation, causing respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, reproductive and central nervous system dysfunctions, and cancer. Despite the fact that ozone in the stratosphere plays a protective role against ultraviolet irradiation, it is harmful when in high concentration at ground level, also affecting the respiratory and cardiovascular system. Furthermore, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), dioxins, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are all considered air pollutants that are harmful to humans. Carbon monoxide can even provoke direct poisoning when breathed in at high levels. Heavy metals such as lead, when absorbed into the human body, can lead to direct poisoning or chronic intoxication, depending on exposure. Diseases occurring from the aforementioned substances include principally respiratory problems such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, bronchiolitis, and also lung cancer, cardiovascular events, central nervous system dysfunctions, and cutaneous diseases. Last but not least, climate change resulting from environmental pollution affects the geographical distribution of many infectious diseases, as do natural disasters. The only way to tackle this problem is through public awareness coupled with a multidisciplinary approach by scientific experts; national and international organizations must address the emergence of this threat and propose sustainable solutions.

Approach to the Problem

The interactions between humans and their physical surroundings have been extensively studied, as multiple human activities influence the environment. The environment is a coupling of the biotic (living organisms and microorganisms) and the abiotic (hydrosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere).

Pollution is defined as the introduction into the environment of substances harmful to humans and other living organisms. Pollutants are harmful solids, liquids, or gases produced in higher than usual concentrations that reduce the quality of our environment.

Human activities have an adverse effect on the environment by polluting the water we drink, the air we breathe, and the soil in which plants grow. Although the industrial revolution was a great success in terms of technology, society, and the provision of multiple services, it also introduced the production of huge quantities of pollutants emitted into the air that are harmful to human health. Without any doubt, the global environmental pollution is considered an international public health issue with multiple facets. Social, economic, and legislative concerns and lifestyle habits are related to this major problem. Clearly, urbanization and industrialization are reaching unprecedented and upsetting proportions worldwide in our era. Anthropogenic air pollution is one of the biggest public health hazards worldwide, given that it accounts for about 9 million deaths per year ( 1 ).

Without a doubt, all of the aforementioned are closely associated with climate change, and in the event of danger, the consequences can be severe for mankind ( 2 ). Climate changes and the effects of global planetary warming seriously affect multiple ecosystems, causing problems such as food safety issues, ice and iceberg melting, animal extinction, and damage to plants ( 3 , 4 ).

Air pollution has various health effects. The health of susceptible and sensitive individuals can be impacted even on low air pollution days. Short-term exposure to air pollutants is closely related to COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, asthma, respiratory disease, and high rates of hospitalization (a measurement of morbidity).

The long-term effects associated with air pollution are chronic asthma, pulmonary insufficiency, cardiovascular diseases, and cardiovascular mortality. According to a Swedish cohort study, diabetes seems to be induced after long-term air pollution exposure ( 5 ). Moreover, air pollution seems to have various malign health effects in early human life, such as respiratory, cardiovascular, mental, and perinatal disorders ( 3 ), leading to infant mortality or chronic disease in adult age ( 6 ).

National reports have mentioned the increased risk of morbidity and mortality ( 1 ). These studies were conducted in many places around the world and show a correlation between daily ranges of particulate matter (PM) concentration and daily mortality. Climate shifts and global planetary warming ( 3 ) could aggravate the situation. Besides, increased hospitalization (an index of morbidity) has been registered among the elderly and susceptible individuals for specific reasons. Fine and ultrafine particulate matter seems to be associated with more serious illnesses ( 6 ), as it can invade the deepest parts of the airways and more easily reach the bloodstream.

Air pollution mainly affects those living in large urban areas, where road emissions contribute the most to the degradation of air quality. There is also a danger of industrial accidents, where the spread of a toxic fog can be fatal to the populations of the surrounding areas. The dispersion of pollutants is determined by many parameters, most notably atmospheric stability and wind ( 6 ).

In developing countries ( 7 ), the problem is more serious due to overpopulation and uncontrolled urbanization along with the development of industrialization. This leads to poor air quality, especially in countries with social disparities and a lack of information on sustainable management of the environment. The use of fuels such as wood fuel or solid fuel for domestic needs due to low incomes exposes people to bad-quality, polluted air at home. It is of note that three billion people around the world are using the above sources of energy for their daily heating and cooking needs ( 8 ). In developing countries, the women of the household seem to carry the highest risk for disease development due to their longer duration exposure to the indoor air pollution ( 8 , 9 ). Due to its fast industrial development and overpopulation, China is one of the Asian countries confronting serious air pollution problems ( 10 , 11 ). The lung cancer mortality observed in China is associated with fine particles ( 12 ). As stated already, long-term exposure is associated with deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system ( 3 , 5 ). However, it is interesting to note that cardiovascular diseases have mostly been observed in developed and high-income countries rather than in the developing low-income countries exposed highly to air pollution ( 13 ). Extreme air pollution is recorded in India, where the air quality reaches hazardous levels. New Delhi is one of the more polluted cities in India. Flights in and out of New Delhi International Airport are often canceled due to the reduced visibility associated with air pollution. Pollution is occurring both in urban and rural areas in India due to the fast industrialization, urbanization, and rise in use of motorcycle transportation. Nevertheless, biomass combustion associated with heating and cooking needs and practices is a major source of household air pollution in India and in Nepal ( 14 , 15 ). There is spatial heterogeneity in India, as areas with diverse climatological conditions and population and education levels generate different indoor air qualities, with higher PM 2.5 observed in North Indian states (557–601 μg/m 3 ) compared to the Southern States (183–214 μg/m 3 ) ( 16 , 17 ). The cold climate of the North Indian areas may be the main reason for this, as longer periods at home and more heating are necessary compared to in the tropical climate of Southern India. Household air pollution in India is associated with major health effects, especially in women and young children, who stay indoors for longer periods. Chronic obstructive respiratory disease (CORD) and lung cancer are mostly observed in women, while acute lower respiratory disease is seen in young children under 5 years of age ( 18 ).

Accumulation of air pollution, especially sulfur dioxide and smoke, reaching 1,500 mg/m3, resulted in an increase in the number of deaths (4,000 deaths) in December 1952 in London and in 1963 in New York City (400 deaths) ( 19 ). An association of pollution with mortality was reported on the basis of monitoring of outdoor pollution in six US metropolitan cities ( 20 ). In every case, it seems that mortality was closely related to the levels of fine, inhalable, and sulfate particles more than with the levels of total particulate pollution, aerosol acidity, sulfur dioxide, or nitrogen dioxide ( 20 ).

Furthermore, extremely high levels of pollution are reported in Mexico City and Rio de Janeiro, followed by Milan, Ankara, Melbourne, Tokyo, and Moscow ( 19 ).

Based on the magnitude of the public health impact, it is certain that different kinds of interventions should be taken into account. Success and effectiveness in controlling air pollution, specifically at the local level, have been reported. Adequate technological means are applied considering the source and the nature of the emission as well as its impact on health and the environment. The importance of point sources and non-point sources of air pollution control is reported by Schwela and Köth-Jahr ( 21 ). Without a doubt, a detailed emission inventory must record all sources in a given area. Beyond considering the above sources and their nature, topography and meteorology should also be considered, as stated previously. Assessment of the control policies and methods is often extrapolated from the local to the regional and then to the global scale. Air pollution may be dispersed and transported from one region to another area located far away. Air pollution management means the reduction to acceptable levels or possible elimination of air pollutants whose presence in the air affects our health or the environmental ecosystem. Private and governmental entities and authorities implement actions to ensure the air quality ( 22 ). Air quality standards and guidelines were adopted for the different pollutants by the WHO and EPA as a tool for the management of air quality ( 1 , 23 ). These standards have to be compared to the emissions inventory standards by causal analysis and dispersion modeling in order to reveal the problematic areas ( 24 ). Inventories are generally based on a combination of direct measurements and emissions modeling ( 24 ).

As an example, we state here the control measures at the source through the use of catalytic converters in cars. These are devices that turn the pollutants and toxic gases produced from combustion engines into less-toxic pollutants by catalysis through redox reactions ( 25 ). In Greece, the use of private cars was restricted by tracking their license plates in order to reduce traffic congestion during rush hour ( 25 ).

Concerning industrial emissions, collectors and closed systems can keep the air pollution to the minimal standards imposed by legislation ( 26 ).

Current strategies to improve air quality require an estimation of the economic value of the benefits gained from proposed programs. These proposed programs by public authorities, and directives are issued with guidelines to be respected.

In Europe, air quality limit values AQLVs (Air Quality Limit Values) are issued for setting off planning claims ( 27 ). In the USA, the NAAQS (National Ambient Air Quality Standards) establish the national air quality limit values ( 27 ). While both standards and directives are based on different mechanisms, significant success has been achieved in the reduction of overall emissions and associated health and environmental effects ( 27 ). The European Directive identifies geographical areas of risk exposure as monitoring/assessment zones to record the emission sources and levels of air pollution ( 27 ), whereas the USA establishes global geographical air quality criteria according to the severity of their air quality problem and records all sources of the pollutants and their precursors ( 27 ).

In this vein, funds have been financing, directly or indirectly, projects related to air quality along with the technical infrastructure to maintain good air quality. These plans focus on an inventory of databases from air quality environmental planning awareness campaigns. Moreover, pollution measures of air emissions may be taken for vehicles, machines, and industries in urban areas.

Technological innovation can only be successful if it is able to meet the needs of society. In this sense, technology must reflect the decision-making practices and procedures of those involved in risk assessment and evaluation and act as a facilitator in providing information and assessments to enable decision makers to make the best decisions possible. Summarizing the aforementioned in order to design an effective air quality control strategy, several aspects must be considered: environmental factors and ambient air quality conditions, engineering factors and air pollutant characteristics, and finally, economic operating costs for technological improvement and administrative and legal costs. Considering the economic factor, competitiveness through neoliberal concepts is offering a solution to environmental problems ( 22 ).

The development of environmental governance, along with technological progress, has initiated the deployment of a dialogue. Environmental politics has created objections and points of opposition between different political parties, scientists, media, and governmental and non-governmental organizations ( 22 ). Radical environmental activism actions and movements have been created ( 22 ). The rise of the new information and communication technologies (ICTs) are many times examined as to whether and in which way they have influenced means of communication and social movements such as activism ( 28 ). Since the 1990s, the term “digital activism” has been used increasingly and in many different disciplines ( 29 ). Nowadays, multiple digital technologies can be used to produce a digital activism outcome on environmental issues. More specifically, devices with online capabilities such as computers or mobile phones are being used as a way to pursue change in political and social affairs ( 30 ).

In the present paper, we focus on the sources of environmental pollution in relation to public health and propose some solutions and interventions that may be of interest to environmental legislators and decision makers.

Sources of Exposure

It is known that the majority of environmental pollutants are emitted through large-scale human activities such as the use of industrial machinery, power-producing stations, combustion engines, and cars. Because these activities are performed at such a large scale, they are by far the major contributors to air pollution, with cars estimated to be responsible for approximately 80% of today's pollution ( 31 ). Some other human activities are also influencing our environment to a lesser extent, such as field cultivation techniques, gas stations, fuel tanks heaters, and cleaning procedures ( 32 ), as well as several natural sources, such as volcanic and soil eruptions and forest fires.

The classification of air pollutants is based mainly on the sources producing pollution. Therefore, it is worth mentioning the four main sources, following the classification system: Major sources, Area sources, Mobile sources, and Natural sources.

Major sources include the emission of pollutants from power stations, refineries, and petrochemicals, the chemical and fertilizer industries, metallurgical and other industrial plants, and, finally, municipal incineration.

Indoor area sources include domestic cleaning activities, dry cleaners, printing shops, and petrol stations.

Mobile sources include automobiles, cars, railways, airways, and other types of vehicles.

Finally, natural sources include, as stated previously, physical disasters ( 33 ) such as forest fire, volcanic erosion, dust storms, and agricultural burning.

However, many classification systems have been proposed. Another type of classification is a grouping according to the recipient of the pollution, as follows:

Air pollution is determined as the presence of pollutants in the air in large quantities for long periods. Air pollutants are dispersed particles, hydrocarbons, CO, CO 2 , NO, NO 2 , SO 3 , etc.

Water pollution is organic and inorganic charge and biological charge ( 10 ) at high levels that affect the water quality ( 34 , 35 ).

Soil pollution occurs through the release of chemicals or the disposal of wastes, such as heavy metals, hydrocarbons, and pesticides.

Air pollution can influence the quality of soil and water bodies by polluting precipitation, falling into water and soil environments ( 34 , 36 ). Notably, the chemistry of the soil can be amended due to acid precipitation by affecting plants, cultures, and water quality ( 37 ). Moreover, movement of heavy metals is favored by soil acidity, and metals are so then moving into the watery environment. It is known that heavy metals such as aluminum are noxious to wildlife and fishes. Soil quality seems to be of importance, as soils with low calcium carbonate levels are at increased jeopardy from acid rain. Over and above rain, snow and particulate matter drip into watery ' bodies ( 36 , 38 ).

Lastly, pollution is classified following type of origin:

Radioactive and nuclear pollution , releasing radioactive and nuclear pollutants into water, air, and soil during nuclear explosions and accidents, from nuclear weapons, and through handling or disposal of radioactive sewage.

Radioactive materials can contaminate surface water bodies and, being noxious to the environment, plants, animals, and humans. It is known that several radioactive substances such as radium and uranium concentrate in the bones and can cause cancers ( 38 , 39 ).

Noise pollution is produced by machines, vehicles, traffic noises, and musical installations that are harmful to our hearing.

The World Health Organization introduced the term DALYs. The DALYs for a disease or health condition is defined as the sum of the Years of Life Lost (YLL) due to premature mortality in the population and the Years Lost due to Disability (YLD) for people living with the health condition or its consequences ( 39 ). In Europe, air pollution is the main cause of disability-adjusted life years lost (DALYs), followed by noise pollution. The potential relationships of noise and air pollution with health have been studied ( 40 ). The study found that DALYs related to noise were more important than those related to air pollution, as the effects of environmental noise on cardiovascular disease were independent of air pollution ( 40 ). Environmental noise should be counted as an independent public health risk ( 40 ).

Environmental pollution occurs when changes in the physical, chemical, or biological constituents of the environment (air masses, temperature, climate, etc.) are produced.

Pollutants harm our environment either by increasing levels above normal or by introducing harmful toxic substances. Primary pollutants are directly produced from the above sources, and secondary pollutants are emitted as by-products of the primary ones. Pollutants can be biodegradable or non-biodegradable and of natural origin or anthropogenic, as stated previously. Moreover, their origin can be a unique source (point-source) or dispersed sources.

Pollutants have differences in physical and chemical properties, explaining the discrepancy in their capacity for producing toxic effects. As an example, we state here that aerosol compounds ( 41 – 43 ) have a greater toxicity than gaseous compounds due to their tiny size (solid or liquid) in the atmosphere; they have a greater penetration capacity. Gaseous compounds are eliminated more easily by our respiratory system ( 41 ). These particles are able to damage lungs and can even enter the bloodstream ( 41 ), leading to the premature deaths of millions of people yearly. Moreover, the aerosol acidity ([H+]) seems to considerably enhance the production of secondary organic aerosols (SOA), but this last aspect is not supported by other scientific teams ( 38 ).

Climate and Pollution

Air pollution and climate change are closely related. Climate is the other side of the same coin that reduces the quality of our Earth ( 44 ). Pollutants such as black carbon, methane, tropospheric ozone, and aerosols affect the amount of incoming sunlight. As a result, the temperature of the Earth is increasing, resulting in the melting of ice, icebergs, and glaciers.

In this vein, climatic changes will affect the incidence and prevalence of both residual and imported infections in Europe. Climate and weather affect the duration, timing, and intensity of outbreaks strongly and change the map of infectious diseases in the globe ( 45 ). Mosquito-transmitted parasitic or viral diseases are extremely climate-sensitive, as warming firstly shortens the pathogen incubation period and secondly shifts the geographic map of the vector. Similarly, water-warming following climate changes leads to a high incidence of waterborne infections. Recently, in Europe, eradicated diseases seem to be emerging due to the migration of population, for example, cholera, poliomyelitis, tick-borne encephalitis, and malaria ( 46 ).

The spread of epidemics is associated with natural climate disasters and storms, which seem to occur more frequently nowadays ( 47 ). Malnutrition and disequilibration of the immune system are also associated with the emerging infections affecting public health ( 48 ).

The Chikungunya virus “took the airplane” from the Indian Ocean to Europe, as outbreaks of the disease were registered in Italy ( 49 ) as well as autochthonous cases in France ( 50 ).

An increase in cryptosporidiosis in the United Kingdom and in the Czech Republic seems to have occurred following flooding ( 36 , 51 ).

As stated previously, aerosols compounds are tiny in size and considerably affect the climate. They are able to dissipate sunlight (the albedo phenomenon) by dispersing a quarter of the sun's rays back to space and have cooled the global temperature over the last 30 years ( 52 ).

Air Pollutants

The World Health Organization (WHO) reports on six major air pollutants, namely particle pollution, ground-level ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and lead. Air pollution can have a disastrous effect on all components of the environment, including groundwater, soil, and air. Additionally, it poses a serious threat to living organisms. In this vein, our interest is mainly to focus on these pollutants, as they are related to more extensive and severe problems in human health and environmental impact. Acid rain, global warming, the greenhouse effect, and climate changes have an important ecological impact on air pollution ( 53 ).

Particulate Matter (PM) and Health

Studies have shown a relationship between particulate matter (PM) and adverse health effects, focusing on either short-term (acute) or long-term (chronic) PM exposure.

Particulate matter (PM) is usually formed in the atmosphere as a result of chemical reactions between the different pollutants. The penetration of particles is closely dependent on their size ( 53 ). Particulate Matter (PM) was defined as a term for particles by the United States Environmental Protection Agency ( 54 ). Particulate matter (PM) pollution includes particles with diameters of 10 micrometers (μm) or smaller, called PM 10 , and extremely fine particles with diameters that are generally 2.5 micrometers (μm) and smaller.

Particulate matter contains tiny liquid or solid droplets that can be inhaled and cause serious health effects ( 55 ). Particles <10 μm in diameter (PM 10 ) after inhalation can invade the lungs and even reach the bloodstream. Fine particles, PM 2.5 , pose a greater risk to health ( 6 , 56 ) ( Table 1 ).

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Table 1 . Penetrability according to particle size.

Multiple epidemiological studies have been performed on the health effects of PM. A positive relation was shown between both short-term and long-term exposures of PM 2.5 and acute nasopharyngitis ( 56 ). In addition, long-term exposure to PM for years was found to be related to cardiovascular diseases and infant mortality.

Those studies depend on PM 2.5 monitors and are restricted in terms of study area or city area due to a lack of spatially resolved daily PM 2.5 concentration data and, in this way, are not representative of the entire population. Following a recent epidemiological study by the Department of Environmental Health at Harvard School of Public Health (Boston, MA) ( 57 ), it was reported that, as PM 2.5 concentrations vary spatially, an exposure error (Berkson error) seems to be produced, and the relative magnitudes of the short- and long-term effects are not yet completely elucidated. The team developed a PM 2.5 exposure model based on remote sensing data for assessing short- and long-term human exposures ( 57 ). This model permits spatial resolution in short-term effects plus the assessment of long-term effects in the whole population.

Moreover, respiratory diseases and affection of the immune system are registered as long-term chronic effects ( 58 ). It is worth noting that people with asthma, pneumonia, diabetes, and respiratory and cardiovascular diseases are especially susceptible and vulnerable to the effects of PM. PM 2.5 , followed by PM 10 , are strongly associated with diverse respiratory system diseases ( 59 ), as their size permits them to pierce interior spaces ( 60 ). The particles produce toxic effects according to their chemical and physical properties. The components of PM 10 and PM 2.5 can be organic (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins, benzene, 1-3 butadiene) or inorganic (carbon, chlorides, nitrates, sulfates, metals) in nature ( 55 ).

Particulate Matter (PM) is divided into four main categories according to type and size ( 61 ) ( Table 2 ).

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Table 2 . Types and sizes of particulate Matter (PM).

Gas contaminants include PM in aerial masses.

Particulate contaminants include contaminants such as smog, soot, tobacco smoke, oil smoke, fly ash, and cement dust.

Biological Contaminants are microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, mold, and bacterial spores), cat allergens, house dust and allergens, and pollen.

Types of Dust include suspended atmospheric dust, settling dust, and heavy dust.

Finally, another fact is that the half-lives of PM 10 and PM 2.5 particles in the atmosphere is extended due to their tiny dimensions; this permits their long-lasting suspension in the atmosphere and even their transfer and spread to distant destinations where people and the environment may be exposed to the same magnitude of pollution ( 53 ). They are able to change the nutrient balance in watery ecosystems, damage forests and crops, and acidify water bodies.

As stated, PM 2.5 , due to their tiny size, are causing more serious health effects. These aforementioned fine particles are the main cause of the “haze” formation in different metropolitan areas ( 12 , 13 , 61 ).

Ozone Impact in the Atmosphere

Ozone (O 3 ) is a gas formed from oxygen under high voltage electric discharge ( 62 ). It is a strong oxidant, 52% stronger than chlorine. It arises in the stratosphere, but it could also arise following chain reactions of photochemical smog in the troposphere ( 63 ).

Ozone can travel to distant areas from its initial source, moving with air masses ( 64 ). It is surprising that ozone levels over cities are low in contrast to the increased amounts occuring in urban areas, which could become harmful for cultures, forests, and vegetation ( 65 ) as it is reducing carbon assimilation ( 66 ). Ozone reduces growth and yield ( 47 , 48 ) and affects the plant microflora due to its antimicrobial capacity ( 67 , 68 ). In this regard, ozone acts upon other natural ecosystems, with microflora ( 69 , 70 ) and animal species changing their species composition ( 71 ). Ozone increases DNA damage in epidermal keratinocytes and leads to impaired cellular function ( 72 ).

Ground-level ozone (GLO) is generated through a chemical reaction between oxides of nitrogen and VOCs emitted from natural sources and/or following anthropogenic activities.

Ozone uptake usually occurs by inhalation. Ozone affects the upper layers of the skin and the tear ducts ( 73 ). A study of short-term exposure of mice to high levels of ozone showed malondialdehyde formation in the upper skin (epidermis) but also depletion in vitamins C and E. It is likely that ozone levels are not interfering with the skin barrier function and integrity to predispose to skin disease ( 74 ).

Due to the low water-solubility of ozone, inhaled ozone has the capacity to penetrate deeply into the lungs ( 75 ).

Toxic effects induced by ozone are registered in urban areas all over the world, causing biochemical, morphologic, functional, and immunological disorders ( 76 ).

The European project (APHEA2) focuses on the acute effects of ambient ozone concentrations on mortality ( 77 ). Daily ozone concentrations compared to the daily number of deaths were reported from different European cities for a 3-year period. During the warm period of the year, an observed increase in ozone concentration was associated with an increase in the daily number of deaths (0.33%), in the number of respiratory deaths (1.13%), and in the number of cardiovascular deaths (0.45%). No effect was observed during wintertime.

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Carbon monoxide is produced by fossil fuel when combustion is incomplete. The symptoms of poisoning due to inhaling carbon monoxide include headache, dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, and, finally, loss of consciousness.

The affinity of carbon monoxide to hemoglobin is much greater than that of oxygen. In this vein, serious poisoning may occur in people exposed to high levels of carbon monoxide for a long period of time. Due to the loss of oxygen as a result of the competitive binding of carbon monoxide, hypoxia, ischemia, and cardiovascular disease are observed.

Carbon monoxide affects the greenhouses gases that are tightly connected to global warming and climate. This should lead to an increase in soil and water temperatures, and extreme weather conditions or storms may occur ( 68 ).

However, in laboratory and field experiments, it has been seen to produce increased plant growth ( 78 ).

Nitrogen Oxide (NO 2 )

Nitrogen oxide is a traffic-related pollutant, as it is emitted from automobile motor engines ( 79 , 80 ). It is an irritant of the respiratory system as it penetrates deep in the lung, inducing respiratory diseases, coughing, wheezing, dyspnea, bronchospasm, and even pulmonary edema when inhaled at high levels. It seems that concentrations over 0.2 ppm produce these adverse effects in humans, while concentrations higher than 2.0 ppm affect T-lymphocytes, particularly the CD8+ cells and NK cells that produce our immune response ( 81 ).It is reported that long-term exposure to high levels of nitrogen dioxide can be responsible for chronic lung disease. Long-term exposure to NO 2 can impair the sense of smell ( 81 ).

However, systems other than respiratory ones can be involved, as symptoms such as eye, throat, and nose irritation have been registered ( 81 ).

High levels of nitrogen dioxide are deleterious to crops and vegetation, as they have been observed to reduce crop yield and plant growth efficiency. Moreover, NO 2 can reduce visibility and discolor fabrics ( 81 ).

Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 )

Sulfur dioxide is a harmful gas that is emitted mainly from fossil fuel consumption or industrial activities. The annual standard for SO 2 is 0.03 ppm ( 82 ). It affects human, animal, and plant life. Susceptible people as those with lung disease, old people, and children, who present a higher risk of damage. The major health problems associated with sulfur dioxide emissions in industrialized areas are respiratory irritation, bronchitis, mucus production, and bronchospasm, as it is a sensory irritant and penetrates deep into the lung converted into bisulfite and interacting with sensory receptors, causing bronchoconstriction. Moreover, skin redness, damage to the eyes (lacrimation and corneal opacity) and mucous membranes, and worsening of pre-existing cardiovascular disease have been observed ( 81 ).

Environmental adverse effects, such as acidification of soil and acid rain, seem to be associated with sulfur dioxide emissions ( 83 ).

Lead is a heavy metal used in different industrial plants and emitted from some petrol motor engines, batteries, radiators, waste incinerators, and waste waters ( 84 ).

Moreover, major sources of lead pollution in the air are metals, ore, and piston-engine aircraft. Lead poisoning is a threat to public health due to its deleterious effects upon humans, animals, and the environment, especially in the developing countries.

Exposure to lead can occur through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption. Trans- placental transport of lead was also reported, as lead passes through the placenta unencumbered ( 85 ). The younger the fetus is, the more harmful the toxic effects. Lead toxicity affects the fetal nervous system; edema or swelling of the brain is observed ( 86 ). Lead, when inhaled, accumulates in the blood, soft tissue, liver, lung, bones, and cardiovascular, nervous, and reproductive systems. Moreover, loss of concentration and memory, as well as muscle and joint pain, were observed in adults ( 85 , 86 ).

Children and newborns ( 87 ) are extremely susceptible even to minimal doses of lead, as it is a neurotoxicant and causes learning disabilities, impairment of memory, hyperactivity, and even mental retardation.

Elevated amounts of lead in the environment are harmful to plants and crop growth. Neurological effects are observed in vertebrates and animals in association with high lead levels ( 88 ).

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs)

The distribution of PAHs is ubiquitous in the environment, as the atmosphere is the most important means of their dispersal. They are found in coal and in tar sediments. Moreover, they are generated through incomplete combustion of organic matter as in the cases of forest fires, incineration, and engines ( 89 ). PAH compounds, such as benzopyrene, acenaphthylene, anthracene, and fluoranthene are recognized as toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic substances. They are an important risk factor for lung cancer ( 89 ).

Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs)

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as toluene, benzene, ethylbenzene, and xylene ( 90 ), have been found to be associated with cancer in humans ( 91 ). The use of new products and materials has actually resulted in increased concentrations of VOCs. VOCs pollute indoor air ( 90 ) and may have adverse effects on human health ( 91 ). Short-term and long-term adverse effects on human health are observed. VOCs are responsible for indoor air smells. Short-term exposure is found to cause irritation of eyes, nose, throat, and mucosal membranes, while those of long duration exposure include toxic reactions ( 92 ). Predictable assessment of the toxic effects of complex VOC mixtures is difficult to estimate, as these pollutants can have synergic, antagonistic, or indifferent effects ( 91 , 93 ).

Dioxins originate from industrial processes but also come from natural processes, such as forest fires and volcanic eruptions. They accumulate in foods such as meat and dairy products, fish and shellfish, and especially in the fatty tissue of animals ( 94 ).

Short-period exhibition to high dioxin concentrations may result in dark spots and lesions on the skin ( 94 ). Long-term exposure to dioxins can cause developmental problems, impairment of the immune, endocrine and nervous systems, reproductive infertility, and cancer ( 94 ).

Without any doubt, fossil fuel consumption is responsible for a sizeable part of air contamination. This contamination may be anthropogenic, as in agricultural and industrial processes or transportation, while contamination from natural sources is also possible. Interestingly, it is of note that the air quality standards established through the European Air Quality Directive are somewhat looser than the WHO guidelines, which are stricter ( 95 ).

Effect of Air Pollution on Health

The most common air pollutants are ground-level ozone and Particulates Matter (PM). Air pollution is distinguished into two main types:

Outdoor pollution is the ambient air pollution.

Indoor pollution is the pollution generated by household combustion of fuels.

People exposed to high concentrations of air pollutants experience disease symptoms and states of greater and lesser seriousness. These effects are grouped into short- and long-term effects affecting health.

Susceptible populations that need to be aware of health protection measures include old people, children, and people with diabetes and predisposing heart or lung disease, especially asthma.

As extensively stated previously, according to a recent epidemiological study from Harvard School of Public Health, the relative magnitudes of the short- and long-term effects have not been completely clarified ( 57 ) due to the different epidemiological methodologies and to the exposure errors. New models are proposed for assessing short- and long-term human exposure data more successfully ( 57 ). Thus, in the present section, we report the more common short- and long-term health effects but also general concerns for both types of effects, as these effects are often dependent on environmental conditions, dose, and individual susceptibility.

Short-term effects are temporary and range from simple discomfort, such as irritation of the eyes, nose, skin, throat, wheezing, coughing and chest tightness, and breathing difficulties, to more serious states, such as asthma, pneumonia, bronchitis, and lung and heart problems. Short-term exposure to air pollution can also cause headaches, nausea, and dizziness.

These problems can be aggravated by extended long-term exposure to the pollutants, which is harmful to the neurological, reproductive, and respiratory systems and causes cancer and even, rarely, deaths.

The long-term effects are chronic, lasting for years or the whole life and can even lead to death. Furthermore, the toxicity of several air pollutants may also induce a variety of cancers in the long term ( 96 ).

As stated already, respiratory disorders are closely associated with the inhalation of air pollutants. These pollutants will invade through the airways and will accumulate at the cells. Damage to target cells should be related to the pollutant component involved and its source and dose. Health effects are also closely dependent on country, area, season, and time. An extended exposure duration to the pollutant should incline to long-term health effects in relation also to the above factors.

Particulate Matter (PMs), dust, benzene, and O 3 cause serious damage to the respiratory system ( 97 ). Moreover, there is a supplementary risk in case of existing respiratory disease such as asthma ( 98 ). Long-term effects are more frequent in people with a predisposing disease state. When the trachea is contaminated by pollutants, voice alterations may be remarked after acute exposure. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be induced following air pollution, increasing morbidity and mortality ( 99 ). Long-term effects from traffic, industrial air pollution, and combustion of fuels are the major factors for COPD risk ( 99 ).

Multiple cardiovascular effects have been observed after exposure to air pollutants ( 100 ). Changes occurred in blood cells after long-term exposure may affect cardiac functionality. Coronary arteriosclerosis was reported following long-term exposure to traffic emissions ( 101 ), while short-term exposure is related to hypertension, stroke, myocardial infracts, and heart insufficiency. Ventricle hypertrophy is reported to occur in humans after long-time exposure to nitrogen oxide (NO 2 ) ( 102 , 103 ).

Neurological effects have been observed in adults and children after extended-term exposure to air pollutants.

Psychological complications, autism, retinopathy, fetal growth, and low birth weight seem to be related to long-term air pollution ( 83 ). The etiologic agent of the neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's) is not yet known, although it is believed that extended exposure to air pollution seems to be a factor. Specifically, pesticides and metals are cited as etiological factors, together with diet. The mechanisms in the development of neurodegenerative disease include oxidative stress, protein aggregation, inflammation, and mitochondrial impairment in neurons ( 104 ) ( Figure 1 ).

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Figure 1 . Impact of air pollutants on the brain.

Brain inflammation was observed in dogs living in a highly polluted area in Mexico for a long period ( 105 ). In human adults, markers of systemic inflammation (IL-6 and fibrinogen) were found to be increased as an immediate response to PNC on the IL-6 level, possibly leading to the production of acute-phase proteins ( 106 ). The progression of atherosclerosis and oxidative stress seem to be the mechanisms involved in the neurological disturbances caused by long-term air pollution. Inflammation comes secondary to the oxidative stress and seems to be involved in the impairment of developmental maturation, affecting multiple organs ( 105 , 107 ). Similarly, other factors seem to be involved in the developmental maturation, which define the vulnerability to long-term air pollution. These include birthweight, maternal smoking, genetic background and socioeconomic environment, as well as education level.

However, diet, starting from breast-feeding, is another determinant factor. Diet is the main source of antioxidants, which play a key role in our protection against air pollutants ( 108 ). Antioxidants are free radical scavengers and limit the interaction of free radicals in the brain ( 108 ). Similarly, genetic background may result in a differential susceptibility toward the oxidative stress pathway ( 60 ). For example, antioxidant supplementation with vitamins C and E appears to modulate the effect of ozone in asthmatic children homozygous for the GSTM1 null allele ( 61 ). Inflammatory cytokines released in the periphery (e.g., respiratory epithelia) upregulate the innate immune Toll-like receptor 2. Such activation and the subsequent events leading to neurodegeneration have recently been observed in lung lavage in mice exposed to ambient Los Angeles (CA, USA) particulate matter ( 61 ). In children, neurodevelopmental morbidities were observed after lead exposure. These children developed aggressive and delinquent behavior, reduced intelligence, learning difficulties, and hyperactivity ( 109 ). No level of lead exposure seems to be “safe,” and the scientific community has asked the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to reduce the current screening guideline of 10 μg/dl ( 109 ).

It is important to state that impact on the immune system, causing dysfunction and neuroinflammation ( 104 ), is related to poor air quality. Yet, increases in serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM) and the complement component C3 are observed ( 106 ). Another issue is that antigen presentation is affected by air pollutants, as there is an upregulation of costimulatory molecules such as CD80 and CD86 on macrophages ( 110 ).

As is known, skin is our shield against ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and other pollutants, as it is the most exterior layer of our body. Traffic-related pollutants, such as PAHs, VOCs, oxides, and PM, may cause pigmented spots on our skin ( 111 ). On the one hand, as already stated, when pollutants penetrate through the skin or are inhaled, damage to the organs is observed, as some of these pollutants are mutagenic and carcinogenic, and, specifically, they affect the liver and lung. On the other hand, air pollutants (and those in the troposphere) reduce the adverse effects of ultraviolet radiation UVR in polluted urban areas ( 111 ). Air pollutants absorbed by the human skin may contribute to skin aging, psoriasis, acne, urticaria, eczema, and atopic dermatitis ( 111 ), usually caused by exposure to oxides and photochemical smoke ( 111 ). Exposure to PM and cigarette smoking act as skin-aging agents, causing spots, dyschromia, and wrinkles. Lastly, pollutants have been associated with skin cancer ( 111 ).

Higher morbidity is reported to fetuses and children when exposed to the above dangers. Impairment in fetal growth, low birth weight, and autism have been reported ( 112 ).

Another exterior organ that may be affected is the eye. Contamination usually comes from suspended pollutants and may result in asymptomatic eye outcomes, irritation ( 112 ), retinopathy, or dry eye syndrome ( 113 , 114 ).

Environmental Impact of Air Pollution

Air pollution is harming not only human health but also the environment ( 115 ) in which we live. The most important environmental effects are as follows.

Acid rain is wet (rain, fog, snow) or dry (particulates and gas) precipitation containing toxic amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids. They are able to acidify the water and soil environments, damage trees and plantations, and even damage buildings and outdoor sculptures, constructions, and statues.

Haze is produced when fine particles are dispersed in the air and reduce the transparency of the atmosphere. It is caused by gas emissions in the air coming from industrial facilities, power plants, automobiles, and trucks.

Ozone , as discussed previously, occurs both at ground level and in the upper level (stratosphere) of the Earth's atmosphere. Stratospheric ozone is protecting us from the Sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays. In contrast, ground-level ozone is harmful to human health and is a pollutant. Unfortunately, stratospheric ozone is gradually damaged by ozone-depleting substances (i.e., chemicals, pesticides, and aerosols). If this protecting stratospheric ozone layer is thinned, then UV radiation can reach our Earth, with harmful effects for human life (skin cancer) ( 116 ) and crops ( 117 ). In plants, ozone penetrates through the stomata, inducing them to close, which blocks CO 2 transfer and induces a reduction in photosynthesis ( 118 ).

Global climate change is an important issue that concerns mankind. As is known, the “greenhouse effect” keeps the Earth's temperature stable. Unhappily, anthropogenic activities have destroyed this protecting temperature effect by producing large amounts of greenhouse gases, and global warming is mounting, with harmful effects on human health, animals, forests, wildlife, agriculture, and the water environment. A report states that global warming is adding to the health risks of poor people ( 119 ).

People living in poorly constructed buildings in warm-climate countries are at high risk for heat-related health problems as temperatures mount ( 119 ).

Wildlife is burdened by toxic pollutants coming from the air, soil, or the water ecosystem and, in this way, animals can develop health problems when exposed to high levels of pollutants. Reproductive failure and birth effects have been reported.

Eutrophication is occurring when elevated concentrations of nutrients (especially nitrogen) stimulate the blooming of aquatic algae, which can cause a disequilibration in the diversity of fish and their deaths.

Without a doubt, there is a critical concentration of pollution that an ecosystem can tolerate without being destroyed, which is associated with the ecosystem's capacity to neutralize acidity. The Canada Acid Rain Program established this load at 20 kg/ha/yr ( 120 ).

Hence, air pollution has deleterious effects on both soil and water ( 121 ). Concerning PM as an air pollutant, its impact on crop yield and food productivity has been reported. Its impact on watery bodies is associated with the survival of living organisms and fishes and their productivity potential ( 121 ).

An impairment in photosynthetic rhythm and metabolism is observed in plants exposed to the effects of ozone ( 121 ).

Sulfur and nitrogen oxides are involved in the formation of acid rain and are harmful to plants and marine organisms.

Last but not least, as mentioned above, the toxicity associated with lead and other metals is the main threat to our ecosystems (air, water, and soil) and living creatures ( 121 ).

In 2018, during the first WHO Global Conference on Air Pollution and Health, the WHO's General Director, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, called air pollution a “silent public health emergency” and “the new tobacco” ( 122 ).

Undoubtedly, children are particularly vulnerable to air pollution, especially during their development. Air pollution has adverse effects on our lives in many different respects.

Diseases associated with air pollution have not only an important economic impact but also a societal impact due to absences from productive work and school.

Despite the difficulty of eradicating the problem of anthropogenic environmental pollution, a successful solution could be envisaged as a tight collaboration of authorities, bodies, and doctors to regularize the situation. Governments should spread sufficient information and educate people and should involve professionals in these issues so as to control the emergence of the problem successfully.

Technologies to reduce air pollution at the source must be established and should be used in all industries and power plants. The Kyoto Protocol of 1997 set as a major target the reduction of GHG emissions to below 5% by 2012 ( 123 ). This was followed by the Copenhagen summit, 2009 ( 124 ), and then the Durban summit of 2011 ( 125 ), where it was decided to keep to the same line of action. The Kyoto protocol and the subsequent ones were ratified by many countries. Among the pioneers who adopted this important protocol for the world's environmental and climate “health” was China ( 3 ). As is known, China is a fast-developing economy and its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is expected to be very high by 2050, which is defined as the year of dissolution of the protocol for the decrease in gas emissions.

A more recent international agreement of crucial importance for climate change is the Paris Agreement of 2015, issued by the UNFCCC (United Nations Climate Change Committee). This latest agreement was ratified by a plethora of UN (United Nations) countries as well as the countries of the European Union ( 126 ). In this vein, parties should promote actions and measures to enhance numerous aspects around the subject. Boosting education, training, public awareness, and public participation are some of the relevant actions for maximizing the opportunities to achieve the targets and goals on the crucial matter of climate change and environmental pollution ( 126 ). Without any doubt, technological improvements makes our world easier and it seems difficult to reduce the harmful impact caused by gas emissions, we could limit its use by seeking reliable approaches.

Synopsizing, a global prevention policy should be designed in order to combat anthropogenic air pollution as a complement to the correct handling of the adverse health effects associated with air pollution. Sustainable development practices should be applied, together with information coming from research in order to handle the problem effectively.

At this point, international cooperation in terms of research, development, administration policy, monitoring, and politics is vital for effective pollution control. Legislation concerning air pollution must be aligned and updated, and policy makers should propose the design of a powerful tool of environmental and health protection. As a result, the main proposal of this essay is that we should focus on fostering local structures to promote experience and practice and extrapolate these to the international level through developing effective policies for sustainable management of ecosystems.

Author Contributions

All authors listed have made a substantial, direct and intellectual contribution to the work, and approved it for publication.

Conflict of Interest

IM is employed by the company Delphis S.A.

The remaining authors declare that the present review paper was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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Keywords: air pollution, environment, health, public health, gas emission, policy

Citation: Manisalidis I, Stavropoulou E, Stavropoulos A and Bezirtzoglou E (2020) Environmental and Health Impacts of Air Pollution: A Review. Front. Public Health 8:14. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00014

Received: 17 October 2019; Accepted: 17 January 2020; Published: 20 February 2020.

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Essay on Environmental Pollution

essay on environmental pollution

Here we have shared the Essay on Environmental Pollution in detail so you can use it in your exam or assignment of 150, 250, 400, 500, or 1000 words.

You can use this Essay on Environmental Pollution in any assignment or project whether you are in school (class 10th or 12th), college, or preparing for answer writing in competitive exams. 

Topics covered in this article.

Essay on Environmental Pollution in 150-200 words

Essay on environmental pollution in 250-300 words, essay on environmental pollution in 500-1000 words.

Environmental pollution is the contamination of the natural environment by harmful substances, resulting in adverse effects on living organisms and ecosystems. It encompasses air, water, and soil pollution caused by human activities such as industrialization, transportation, and waste disposal.

Pollution poses severe threats to human health and the environment. It leads to respiratory problems, waterborne diseases, and ecosystem disruptions. Air pollution affects air quality, causing respiratory illnesses and contributing to climate change. Water pollution degrades water sources, impacting aquatic life and jeopardizing human access to clean drinking water. Soil pollution affects agriculture and food safety.

Addressing environmental pollution requires collective action. It involves adopting sustainable practices, promoting renewable energy sources, and implementing strict regulations on industrial emissions and waste management. Awareness campaigns and education about environmental conservation are vital to inspire behavioral changes.

Efforts to reduce pollution can help create a healthier and more sustainable environment for future generations. By prioritizing pollution control and embracing eco-friendly practices, we can protect human health, preserve biodiversity, and safeguard the planet’s natural resources.

Environmental pollution refers to the contamination of the natural environment by various pollutants, resulting in harmful effects on living organisms and ecosystems. It is a pressing global issue that poses significant threats to the health and well-being of both humans and the planet.

Various forms of pollution contribute to environmental degradation. Air pollution occurs when harmful gases and particles are released into the atmosphere from industrial activities, transportation, and the burning of fossil fuels. Water pollution occurs when pollutants such as chemicals, sewage, and waste are discharged into rivers, lakes, and oceans, endangering aquatic life and contaminating drinking water sources. Soil pollution occurs when harmful substances like pesticides, heavy metals, and industrial waste contaminate the soil, affecting plant growth and the food chain.

The consequences of environmental pollution are far-reaching. It leads to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and other health issues in humans. It also disrupts ecosystems, causing the decline of plant and animal species, and damaging habitats. Pollution affects the quality of air, water, and soil, posing a threat to biodiversity and the overall balance of nature.

Addressing environmental pollution requires collective efforts from individuals, governments, and organizations. Sustainable practices such as reducing emissions, conserving resources, recycling, and using eco-friendly technologies are crucial in mitigating pollution. Strict regulations and policies need to be implemented to control industrial emissions and ensure proper waste management. Awareness campaigns and education on the importance of environmental conservation can inspire individuals to make conscious choices and adopt environmentally-friendly lifestyles.

In conclusion, environmental pollution poses a significant threat to our planet and its inhabitants. It is imperative that we take immediate and proactive measures to reduce pollution levels and preserve the environment for future generations. By adopting sustainable practices and promoting environmental awareness, we can work towards creating a cleaner and healthier planet for all.

Title: Environmental Pollution – A Global Crisis in Need of Urgent Action

Introduction :

Environmental pollution is a pressing global issue that threatens the health and well-being of both humans and the planet. It refers to the introduction of harmful substances or pollutants into the natural environment, resulting in adverse effects on living organisms and ecosystems. Pollution can take various forms, including air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, and noise pollution. Each of these forms poses unique challenges and impacts different aspects of the environment. Addressing environmental pollution is crucial to protect human health, preserve biodiversity, and ensure the sustainability of our planet.

Air Pollution

Air pollution is one of the most significant forms of environmental pollution. It occurs when harmful gases, particles, and chemicals are released into the atmosphere, primarily as a result of industrial activities, transportation, and the burning of fossil fuels. The main pollutants include carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter (PM), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Air pollution poses severe health risks, particularly to vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, and those with respiratory conditions. It can cause respiratory illnesses, cardiovascular problems, and even premature death. Additionally, air pollution contributes to climate change, global warming, and the depletion of the ozone layer.

Water Pollution

Water pollution refers to the contamination of water bodies, including rivers, lakes, oceans, and groundwater sources. It occurs when pollutants such as chemicals, sewage, industrial waste, and agricultural runoff are discharged into waterways without adequate treatment. Water pollution not only affects aquatic life but also endangers human health, as polluted water is often used for drinking, irrigation, and recreational activities.

The consequences of water pollution are far-reaching. It leads to the destruction of aquatic ecosystems, the loss of biodiversity, and the contamination of food sources. Waterborne diseases, such as cholera and typhoid, are prevalent in areas with contaminated water supplies. Moreover, the pollution of oceans and seas poses a threat to marine life and can cause widespread ecological damage.

Soil Pollution

Soil pollution occurs when the soil is contaminated by toxic substances, including heavy metals, pesticides, chemicals, and industrial waste. It can result from improper waste disposal, industrial activities, agricultural practices, and mining operations. Soil pollution not only affects plant growth and agricultural productivity but also poses risks to human health through the ingestion of contaminated food.

The impact of soil pollution extends beyond the immediate area of contamination. It can lead to the loss of fertile land, soil erosion, and the disruption of ecosystems. The accumulation of pollutants in the soil can enter the food chain, affecting the quality and safety of agricultural products. Long-term exposure to contaminated soil can lead to various health issues, including cancers, respiratory problems, and neurological disorders.

Noise Pollution

Noise pollution refers to excessive or unwanted noise that disrupts the environment and causes discomfort. It can arise from various sources, including transportation, industrial activities, construction sites, and urbanization. Prolonged exposure to high levels of noise can have detrimental effects on human health, including hearing loss, stress, sleep disturbances, and impaired cognitive function.

Effects on Human Health

Environmental pollution poses significant risks to human health. The inhalation of air pollutants can lead to respiratory problems such as asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer. Waterborne diseases caused by contaminated water sources can result in gastrointestinal issues, skin infections, and even death. Exposure to soil pollution can lead to various health problems, including organ damage, developmental disorders, and certain types of cancer. Additionally, noise pollution can have detrimental effects on mental health, leading to stress, anxiety, and sleep disorders.

Impact on Biodiversity and Ecosystems

Environmental pollution also has devastating effects on biodiversity and ecosystems. Air pollution harms plant and animal life disrupts ecosystems, and contributes to the loss of biodiversity. Water pollution affects aquatic habitats, leading to the decline of fish populations, the destruction of coral reefs, and the loss of other marine species. Soil pollution impairs soil fertility and affects the growth and survival of plants, which are the foundation of terrestrial ecosystems. The contamination of land and water by pollutants disrupts natural processes, jeopardizing the delicate balance of ecosystems and leading to ecological imbalances.

Solutions and Mitigation Strategies

Addressing environmental pollution requires a multi-faceted approach involving individuals, communities, governments, and international organizations. Some key solutions and mitigation strategies include:

  • Transitioning to clean and renewable energy sources to reduce air pollution and combat climate change.
  • Implementing stricter regulations on industrial emissions and promoting sustainable industrial practices.
  • Encouraging sustainable agricultural practices that minimize the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers to reduce soil pollution.
  • Improving waste management systems, including recycling and proper disposal of hazardous waste.
  • Promoting water conservation and implementing effective wastewater treatment methods to reduce water pollution.
  • Raising awareness and educating communities about the importance of environmental conservation and responsible behavior.
  • Investing in research and technological innovations that support sustainable development and pollution control.

Conclusion :

Environmental pollution is a global crisis that demands immediate and collective action. The consequences of pollution on human health, biodiversity, and ecosystems are severe and far-reaching. By adopting sustainable practices and implementing effective pollution control measures, we can mitigate the impacts of environmental pollution. It requires the commitment and collaboration of individuals, communities, governments, and international entities to address this pressing issue.

Through a combination of policy interventions, technological advancements, and behavioral changes, we can create a cleaner and healthier environment for future generations. It is essential to prioritize sustainable practices, reduce emissions, conserve resources, and promote responsible consumption and production patterns.

Ultimately, the fight against environmental pollution requires a global effort to protect our planet and ensure a sustainable future. By working together, we can preserve the beauty of our natural world, safeguard human health, and create a harmonious coexistence between humans and the environment. It is our collective responsibility to take action today for a cleaner and greener tomorrow.

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Essay On Environmental Pollution in 250 Words

Pollution introduction.

Science has brought many advantages to human beings but also many disadvantages. Pollution is a curse that comes from science and that most people have to endure.

Pollution is defined as anything that causes our environment to become dirty. It poisons our land, water, and air. It has increased throughout human progress, especially during the past century. The result is pollution, lack of clean air, lack of clean water, and at the same time, a lack of clean food. Pollution causes diseases. 

What is pollution and its effect?  

Pollution is the manifestation of any foreign substance in something. Usually, pollution refers to the contamination of the natural resources by various pollutants caused by human activities in multiple ways.

The environment consists of three main components: land, air, and water. Thus, environmental pollution is the contamination of land, air, and water due to many dirty substances. All of these pollutants put a person’s health and life in grave danger, and man needs to breathe clean air as well. Many dangerous diseases spread to crops because of the contaminated water.

The leading cause is the absence of rain, the hot and cold circuits are not working correctly, floods, droughts, etc. They are caused by pollution, which also contributes to the degradation of the natural ecosystem.

What causes of pollution?

Today, the significant pollution sources are; industries, burning of fossil fuels, garbage, sewage, smoke, etc. Therefore, any pollution threatens life on our planet.

Smoke from factories and black smoke from cars spread throughout the day spread out that breathing healthy air is problematic in large cities . These diseases are more common when the population is high, trees are scarce, and the surrounding environment is cramped.

Water pollution from factories and rivers, and canals causes dangerous water pollution. During floods, polluted water mixes with rivers and streams, leading to many diseases. Drinking contaminated water can result in many illnesses such as hemorrhoids, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, etc.

Some diseases can be fatal, such as numbness or the pressure they create. Most of these noises can be heard around the city and by people suffering from these diseases. As a result, things such as vehicle smoke, noises emitted by speakers, etc., worsen the climate, as well as causing a lot of human diseases.

How we can reduce pollution essay?

To avoid different kinds of pollution, there should be more trees planted and separate campaigns done. Trees should also line the roads. With such a large population, we must make our home a beautiful and airy environment with small trees and plants surrounding our house. Factories should be built away from populated areas to avoid diseases and prevent them.

Environmental pollution is one of the most severe problems caused by human activities that we need to address to see a tomorrow and guarantee our descendants’ health. We must always keep in mind that pollution affects us all, so we must all do our part to restore ecological balance to this beautiful place we call home.

Let people know what you know and encourage them to protest local polluters together. Learn more about significant polluters in your area and stop pollution.  People need to be educated about environmental pollution and how it affects the environment. Let’s protect the water, air, and soil we use to grow our food.

ALSO READ: Click Here for 500 School Essay Topics With Examples

Essay on pollution 1000 words.

Pollution is a major problem that is affecting our environment and health. There are different types of pollution, such as air pollution, water pollution, land pollution, and noise pollution. Air pollution is the most common type of pollution. It occurs when harmful gases and particles are released into the air. These pollutants can cause respiratory problems and other health issues.

Introduction: Types of Pollution:

Pollution can also be caused by factories that operate without proper air quality standards. Water pollution is also a major issue. It occurs when harmful chemicals, oils, and trash are dumped into lakes, rivers, and oceans. Land pollution is a common problem that occurs when harmful chemicals, oils, and trash are dumped into land. Noise pollution is also a common problem that occurs when loud music, car horns, and other noises are being played outdoors.

Causes of Pollution:

Pollution is a major problem that the world is facing today. The earth is being polluted with toxic gases and chemicals from factories, automobiles and other sources. This is having a serious impact on the environment and human health.

The main sources of pollution are automobiles, factories, power plants and agriculture. Automobiles emit harmful gases like carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide and hydrocarbons. These gases cause global warming and acid rain. The factories and power plants release harmful gases like sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). These gases cause acid rain.

Agriculture is another major source of pollution. It releases nitrogen oxide, nitrous oxide and ammonia. These harmful gases cause acid rain and global warming.

Fishing is another major source of pollution. It releases mercury, DDT, PCBs, and other toxic substances that are dangerous to the environment and human health. The manufacturing of steel, cars and other products is a major source of pollution. It releases mercury, lead, dioxins and other toxic compounds that are dangerous to the environment and human health.

Effects of Pollution:

Air pollution is a very serious problem. It is a major cause of respiratory diseases and lung cancer, and it is responsible for acid rain. Air pollution is a result of human activities. It is the process by which air becomes contaminated and unsafe to breathe. The sources of air pollution are many, such as the burning of fossil fuels, vehicle emissions, industrial processes and agricultural activities.

Pollution can cause many harmful effects on the environment. It has a negative impact on animals and plants, as well as humans. The air pollution is one of the most common forms of pollution that occurs in many cities. Pollution is often unseen and unappreciated by the public. People are not aware of the fact that pollution can cause many harmful effects on the environment.

It has a negative impact on animals and plants, as well as humans. Air pollution is a major problem in most of the cities of the world. With continuous increase in the use of vehicles and industries, air pollution is getting worse day by day. The pollution generated by vehicles, factories and industrial plants results in the creation of a lot of dust particles which can be harmful to health. These bad particles can cause lung diseases like asthma, bronchitis and even heart diseases. It also reduces the life span of people as it affects their eyes, lungs and other vital organs.

Solutions to Pollution:

Pollution can be solved by reducing the number of vehicles on the roads, to reduce the amount of air pollution which is caused by these vehicles. Also, there are many ways to reduce the use of fuels like diesel and gasoline and it helps in keeping the environment clean. It is a very important part of our lives and it helps us to live in a clean and healthy environment. Government works to provide good quality air for everyone especially for the citizens of all countries.

Pollution is a huge global problem that we are facing today. It is caused by the release of pollutants into the environment. These pollutants contaminate air, water, and soil, making it difficult or impossible for plants, animals, and humans to live in that area.

The effects of pollution are disastrous, not only for the environment but for human health as well. There are many ways to prevent and reduce pollution, but we need to act now before it’s too late. One of the most effective ways to reduce pollution is by planting trees. Trees, especially those that are fast-growing and have deep roots, help prevent soil erosion and thus control water runoff. They also absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, which helps combat global warming.

Trees are also important because they provide shelter for animals, such as birds and mammals, which help control insect populations. Pollution occurs when harmful chemicals from factories, vehicles, and homes leak into the atmosphere. These chemicals can be dangerous to humans and other animals.

To help control pollution, you can plant trees near your home or business, especially near roads and industrial areas. You can also plant trees in your neighborhood. The trees will absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and provide shade for people and animals.

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Conclusion:.

Pollution is an issue that plagues many developing countries. The fumes and chemicals released into the air by factories and automobiles create smog and acid rain, which can cause long-term health problems. In addition, improper waste disposal often leads to water pollution, which contaminates drinking water supplies and creates hazardous conditions for plant and animal life.

The negative effects of pollution are not limited to the environment; they also have a serious impact on human health. We must try to find ways to reduce the amount of pollution in our world. In addition, we should take steps to protect our planet from further destruction.

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Guest Essay

The Most Overlooked Reason Black Americans Are Moving South

Several houses, with an industrial facility visible behind them.

By Adam Mahoney

Mr. Mahoney is the climate and environment reporter at Capital B, a nonprofit news organization reporting for Black communities.

The air pollution in Emma Lockridge’s community in Detroit was often so bad, she had to wear a surgical mask inside her house. The smokestacks of nearby refineries and factories filled the sky outside her windows with black particles. “I couldn’t sleep because of those fumes,” she told me last year.

In 2021 she fled Detroit for Memphis (which she soon found had pollution issues of its own), joining the million-plus Black Americans who have migrated to the South in the past three decades.

This phenomenon has been called reverse migration because many Black people are returning to a region their forebears left from the 1910s to the 1970s. Between 2015 and 2020, the top six destination states for Black interstate migrants were in the South, with Georgia, Texas and Florida leading the way.

Since August 2022, I’ve crisscrossed the United States, chatting with dozens of people about this new Great Migration, what’s driving it and how it’s reshaping Southern life . While most of the research and reporting on the causes of the exodus have rightfully focused on factors like taxes and economic mobility , I’ve found that pollution is also contributing to Black Americans’ decision to move South, in a trend that worries me as much as it moves me.

As climate change takes its toll across the South, migrants may face similar pollution issues as well as environmental threats they might not have faced if they hadn’t moved. This situation demands action on the part of elected officials and local leaders who need to cut pollution and shore up these communities to withstand the worsening heat, storms and flooding. It’s the only way to ensure that Black Americans can stay long term in the Southern towns and cities they now call home.

Ms. Lockridge was far from the only person I spoke with who had fled her home at least in part because of pollution and the toll it took on her health. Christopher Currie was born in Gary, Ind., one of the nation’s worst air pollution hot spots , and moved to Detroit shortly after high school. The toll of Detroit’s polluted air was one of the reasons he left the city for the suburbs of Dallas in 2022. He remembered having constant nebulizer breathing treatments for asthma and long stays at the hospital when he was a child. In 2019, Kourtney Randle left St. Louis for Mississippi largely because she feared the long-term impact of urban air pollution on her children’s health. Growing up in a polluted neighborhood, her youngest son at the time, Kahlel, rarely went a day without breathing troubles. “I hated that he was so miserable every day just trying to breathe,” she told me.

The roots of this crisis date back to the first Great Migration, when millions of Black people left the South to escape segregation, indentured servitude and lynching and went north in search of jobs and stable housing. Early on, many of the jobs available to them were dangerous ones in polluting steel mills, factories and shipyards. Government policies, such as redlining, forced them to live near these toxic industries, unable to escape contaminated air, water and soil.

The U.S. government has known for decades that these people might one day be forced to flee industrial pollution, uprooting their lives in search of healthier places to raise their children. A 1981 study commissioned by the Environmental Protection Agency outlined how Americans were already fleeing “from industrialized areas to the relatively less polluted areas of the country.” But policymakers in those regions did little to prepare for the influx while allowing their own pollution problems to fester.

The South has long been one of the most vulnerable parts of the country to extreme weather, and it has gotten worse in recent years. As the effects of global warming have intensified, Southern states have been slow to upgrade and weatherize their power grids and have paid the price — for instance, when hundreds of people died during Texas’ 2021 winter storm blackout. Many of the nation’s recent weather-caused power outages have occurred in the South, and without more preparation and investment, that number will only rise as more people move there and weather grows more extreme.

It’s not just a question of inaction; some of the decisions by the South’s developers and planners have exacerbated the problem. Unchecked growth and destruction of wetlands and other natural systems have put the region more at risk of climate disasters .

Across the region, from Houston to Charlotte, N.C., and Jacksonville, Fla., homes have been built on flood plains, in neighborhoods where concrete has replaced greenery. Dallas, the city with the second most new Black residents nationwide from 2015 to 2020, is struggling to procure enough water to meet growing demand. In Atlanta, where from 2005 to 2014 the number of heavy downpours was 75 percent higher than in the 1950s, the city’s tree canopy loss was almost half an acre a day from 2008 to 2018.

But it is not too late to build a safer, more climate-resilient region. Community leaders are already stepping up. I met some of them during my travels — at storm preparedness tutorials in New Orleans backyards, at community discussions at the Houston Climate Justice Museum and at the community centers turned resilience hubs in Orlando, Fla. But more has to follow.

In Texas, that includes significantly slowing down housing growth in flood plains and, most important, reversing investment in fossil fuel energy sources that contribute to global warming and can fail during hurricanes and winter storms . As Florida invests in building infrastructure to adapt to rising seas, new and old residents told me they also want the state to prioritize conserving undeveloped land , which will help store carbon and buffer neighborhoods from storms and flooding. In North Carolina and Georgia , leaders can reform zoning laws to encourage cities to build walkable neighborhoods with green infrastructure that helps with storm water management and cooling streets .

The potential climate disasters looming over the South in many ways are linked to the pollution that has plagued Black Americans for decades. By finally building cities with everyone in mind instead of at the expense of Black life, we might be able to stop the cycle of Black migration.

Adam Mahoney is the climate and environment reporter at Capital B, a nonprofit news organization reporting for Black communities.

The Times is committed to publishing a diversity of letters to the editor. We’d like to hear what you think about this or any of our articles. Here are some tips . And here’s our email: [email protected] .

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Essay on Pollution in 100 words, 200 words, 300 words, 400 words, 500 words and 1000 words

Impact of pollution on our planet in concise essays of 100 to 1000 words. Explore causes, effects, and solutions to tackle this global issue.

Pollution, Garbage Dump, Waste

Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances or pollutants into the environment, resulting in adverse effects on living organisms and ecosystems. It is a pressing global issue that poses significant threats to the well-being of both the natural world and human society. Various forms of pollution exist, including air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, and noise pollution. Each form of pollution has its own set of causes, which can range from industrial activities and transportation to improper waste disposal and excessive use of chemicals. Understanding the causes of pollution is crucial in developing effective strategies and solutions to mitigate its harmful effects. In this article, we will explore the concept of pollution, delve into its causes, and discuss the importance of addressing this issue for a sustainable future.

Table of Contents

Essay on Pollution in 100 Words

Pollution is a grave issue as harmful substances and pollutants contaminate the environment, causing harm to living organisms and ecosystems. It exists in various forms, including air, water, soil, and noise pollution.

Air pollution occurs due to the release of harmful gases and particles into the atmosphere from industrial activities and vehicles. Water pollution happens when industrial waste, sewage, and chemicals enter water bodies. Soil pollution results from the infiltration of toxins into the soil, affecting plant growth and the food chain. Noise pollution refers to excessive noise levels that disrupt human well-being.

To address pollution, stricter regulations and sustainable practices are necessary. Individuals must conserve resources, manage waste responsibly, and adopt eco-friendly habits.

Essay on Pollution in 200 Words

Pollution has become a critical issue in today’s world as harmful substances and pollutants are introduced into the environment, causing detrimental effects on living organisms and ecosystems. Various forms of pollution exist, including air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, and noise pollution.

Air pollution occurs when harmful gases and particulate matter are released into the atmosphere, primarily from industrial activities and vehicular emissions. These pollutants degrade air quality and pose risks to human health, leading to respiratory problems and allergies.

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and oceans due to the discharge of industrial waste, sewage, and chemicals. It affects aquatic life and poses significant risks to human health, as consuming or using polluted water can lead to various waterborne diseases.

Soil pollution arises when harmful chemicals or toxins seep into the soil, affecting plant growth and the overall health of the ecosystem. Contaminated soil also has adverse effects on the food chain, as plants and crops absorb these pollutants, which can then transfer to animals and humans upon consumption.

Noise pollution refers to excessive noise levels that disrupt the peace and well-being of human beings and wildlife. Sources include construction activities, transportation, industrial machinery, and loud music. Prolonged exposure to high levels of noise can lead to stress, hearing loss, and other health issues.

Pollution has severe consequences for both human health and the environment. It causes respiratory diseases, allergies, and even cancer in humans. Wildlife and ecosystems suffer from the disruption of natural habitats, decline in biodiversity, and imbalances in ecological systems.

To combat pollution, we must raise awareness and take proactive measures. Governments, industries, and individuals must work together to implement stricter environmental regulations and promote sustainable practices. This includes reducing emissions, adopting cleaner energy sources, practicing responsible waste management, and conserving natural resources.

In conclusion, pollution poses a significant threat to our planet and its inhabitants. The various forms of pollution have far-reaching effects on human health, wildlife, and the environment. Taking immediate and collective action is crucial to minimize pollution and create a healthier and sustainable world for future generations.

Essay on Pollution in 300 Words

Pollution has become a critical issue in today’s world as harmful substances and pollutants are introduced into the environment, causing detrimental effects on living organisms and ecosystems. Pollution exists in various forms, including air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, and noise pollution.

Air pollution occurs when harmful gases and particulate matter are released into the atmosphere, primarily from industrial activities and vehicular emissions. These pollutants contribute to the degradation of air quality and pose risks to human health, leading to respiratory problems and allergies.

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and oceans due to the discharge of industrial waste, sewage, and chemicals. This pollution not only affects aquatic life but also poses significant risks to human health. Consuming or using polluted water can lead to various waterborne diseases.

Soil pollution arises when harmful chemicals or toxins seep into the soil, affecting plant growth and the overall health of the ecosystem. The contamination of soil can also have adverse effects on the food chain, as plants and crops absorb these pollutants, which then transfer to animals and humans upon consumption.

Noise pollution refers to excessive noise levels that disrupt the peace and well-being of human beings and wildlife. Sources of noise pollution include construction activities, transportation, industrial machinery, and loud music. Prolonged exposure to high levels of noise can lead to stress, hearing loss, and other health issues.

Pollution has severe consequences for both human health and the environment. It can cause respiratory diseases, allergies, and even cancer in humans. Wildlife and ecosystems suffer from the disruption of natural habitats, decline in biodiversity, and imbalances in ecological systems.

To combat pollution, it is crucial to raise awareness and take proactive measures. Governments, industries, and individuals must work together to implement stricter environmental regulations and promote sustainable practices. This includes reducing emissions, adopting cleaner energy sources, practicing responsible waste management, and conserving natural resources.

In conclusion, pollution poses a significant threat to our planet and its inhabitants. The various forms of pollution, including air, water, soil, and noise pollution, have far-reaching effects on human health, wildlife, and the environment. By taking immediate and collective action, we can strive to minimize pollution and create a healthier and sustainable world for future generations.

Essay on Pollution in 400 Words

Pollution is a significant concern in our world today as harmful substances and pollutants are introduced into the environment, causing detrimental effects on living organisms and ecosystems. There are various forms of pollution, including air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, and noise pollution.

Air pollution occurs when harmful gases and particulate matter are released into the atmosphere. Industrial activities and vehicular emissions are major contributors to air pollution. These pollutants, such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides, degrade air quality and pose risks to human health. Prolonged exposure to polluted air can lead to respiratory problems, allergies, and even cardiovascular diseases.

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and oceans. Industrial waste, sewage, and chemicals are discharged into water sources, rendering them polluted and hazardous. Water pollution not only affects aquatic life but also poses significant risks to human health. Consuming or using polluted water can lead to various waterborne diseases, such as cholera, typhoid, and gastrointestinal disorders.

Soil pollution is the contamination of soil by harmful chemicals or toxins. This contamination often occurs through improper disposal of industrial waste, excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers, and accidental spills. Polluted soil adversely affects plant growth, reduces agricultural productivity, and disrupts the balance of the ecosystem. These pollutants can also enter the food chain, posing health risks to humans and animals.

Noise pollution refers to excessive noise levels that disturb the peace and well-being of human beings and wildlife. Sources of noise pollution include construction activities, transportation, industrial machinery, and loud music. Prolonged exposure to high levels of noise can lead to stress, hearing loss, and other health issues. It also disrupts natural habitats and communication patterns for wildlife, impacting their survival and behavior.

Pollution has severe consequences for both human health and the environment. It not only directly affects our well-being but also disrupts ecosystems, leading to a decline in biodiversity and imbalances in ecological systems. Addressing pollution requires collective effort and proactive measures.

To combat pollution, stricter environmental regulations and sustainable practices are necessary. Governments, industries, and individuals must work together to reduce emissions, promote cleaner energy sources, and practice responsible waste management. This includes adopting technologies that minimize pollution, conserving natural resources, and promoting recycling and reuse.

Individuals also have a crucial role to play in mitigating pollution. We can make a difference by conserving resources, using eco-friendly products, reducing our carbon footprint, and promoting awareness in our communities. By making conscious choices and adopting sustainable habits, we contribute to the preservation of our environment and the well-being of future generations.

In conclusion, pollution poses a significant threat to our planet and its inhabitants. The various forms of pollution, including air, water, soil, and noise pollution, have far-reaching effects on human health, wildlife, and the environment. It is imperative that we take immediate and collective action to reduce pollution through stricter regulations, sustainable practices, and individual responsibility. By doing so, we can create a healthier and more sustainable world for ourselves and future generations.

Essay on Pollution in 500 Words

Pollution is a pressing global issue that poses significant threats to the environment and human health. It occurs when harmful substances or pollutants are introduced into the ecosystem, causing adverse effects on living organisms and natural resources. Pollution manifests in various forms, including air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, and noise pollution.

Air pollution is one of the most prevalent and concerning forms of pollution. It results from the release of harmful gases and particulate matter into the atmosphere, primarily caused by industrial activities, transportation, and the burning of fossil fuels. Pollutants like carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter not only degrade air quality but also have severe health implications. Prolonged exposure to polluted air can lead to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, allergies, and even premature death.

Water pollution is another critical environmental issue. It involves the contamination of water bodies, such as rivers, lakes, and oceans, due to the discharge of industrial waste, sewage, agricultural runoff, and chemicals. Water pollutants include heavy metals, pesticides, fertilizers, and microbial pathogens. This pollution not only harms aquatic ecosystems and wildlife but also poses serious health risks to humans. Consuming or using polluted water can lead to waterborne diseases, such as cholera, dysentery, and gastrointestinal illnesses.

Soil pollution, also known as land pollution, occurs when harmful substances or toxins enter the soil. It is caused by industrial activities, improper waste disposal, excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers, and accidental spills. Soil pollutants include heavy metals, industrial chemicals, radioactive substances, and agricultural chemicals. Soil pollution affects soil fertility, reduces crop yields, and disrupts the balance of the ecosystem. These pollutants can enter the food chain, endangering human and animal health.

Noise pollution is an often overlooked but significant form of pollution. It refers to excessive noise levels that disturb the peace and well-being of individuals and wildlife. Sources of noise pollution include transportation, construction activities, industrial machinery, and urbanization. Prolonged exposure to high levels of noise can lead to stress, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other health issues. Noise pollution also disrupts natural habitats, affecting the behavior and communication patterns of wildlife.

Pollution has far-reaching consequences for both the environment and human society. It disrupts ecosystems, leads to a decline in biodiversity, and damages natural resources. It also poses serious health risks, causing respiratory problems, cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, and various cancers. Additionally, pollution has detrimental socio-economic impacts, affecting tourism, agriculture, and overall quality of life.

Addressing pollution requires collective efforts and proactive measures from governments, industries, communities, and individuals. Stricter environmental regulations and enforcement are necessary to limit emissions, control industrial waste disposal, and promote sustainable practices. Industries must adopt cleaner technologies, improve waste management, and reduce their carbon footprint. Governments should incentivize and support the transition to renewable energy sources and promote sustainable transportation systems.

Individuals also play a crucial role in combating pollution. We can make a difference by practicing responsible consumption, conserving resources, reducing waste, and adopting eco-friendly habits. Simple actions like recycling, conserving water, using energy-efficient appliances, and opting for sustainable transportation contribute to reducing pollution levels.

Education and awareness are vital in addressing pollution. Educating the public about the causes, effects, and preventive measures of pollution can foster a sense of responsibility and inspire positive action. It is essential to promote environmental education in schools, organize awareness campaigns, and engage communities in sustainable initiatives.

In conclusion, pollution is a significant threat to the environment, human health, and overall well-being. The various forms of pollution, including air, water, soil, and noise pollution, have detrimental effects on ecosystems and society. However, through collective action, stringent regulations, sustainablepractices, and individual responsibility, we can mitigate pollution’s impact. By prioritizing the protection of the environment, promoting sustainable development, and adopting eco-friendly lifestyles, we can work towards a cleaner and healthier planet for present and future generations.

Essay on Pollution in 1000 Words

Pollution is a global environmental issue that poses significant threats to the well-being of both ecosystems and human society. It refers to the introduction of harmful substances or pollutants into the environment, resulting in adverse effects on living organisms and natural resources. Pollution exists in various forms, including air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, and noise pollution. Each form of pollution has its own set of causes, consequences, and potential solutions. Understanding and addressing pollution is crucial for the preservation of our planet and the health of future generations.

Air Pollution:

Air pollution is one of the most pressing and widespread forms of pollution. It occurs when harmful gases, particulate matter, and pollutants are released into the atmosphere. The main sources of air pollution include industrial activities, transportation, power plants, and burning fossil fuels. Pollutants such as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter can have severe health implications. Prolonged exposure to polluted air can lead to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, allergies, and even premature death. Air pollution also contributes to climate change by increasing greenhouse gas emissions and depleting the ozone layer.

Water Pollution:

Water pollution is another critical environmental issue that affects water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and oceans. It occurs when pollutants, including industrial waste, sewage, agricultural runoff, and chemicals, contaminate the water sources. Water pollutants include heavy metals, pesticides, fertilizers, oil spills, and microbial pathogens. Water pollution not only harms aquatic ecosystems and wildlife but also poses serious health risks to humans. Consuming or using polluted water can lead to waterborne diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and gastrointestinal illnesses. It is essential to protect water bodies and ensure access to clean and safe drinking water for all.

Soil Pollution:

Soil pollution, also known as land pollution, refers to the contamination of soil by harmful substances or toxins. It is caused by industrial activities, improper waste disposal, excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers, and accidental spills. Soil pollutants include heavy metals, industrial chemicals, radioactive substances, and agricultural chemicals. Soil pollution affects soil fertility, reduces crop yields, and disrupts the balance of the ecosystem. These pollutants can enter the food chain, endangering human and animal health. Soil conservation practices, responsible waste management, and sustainable agricultural practices are crucial for preventing and mitigating soil pollution.

Noise Pollution:

Noise pollution is often overlooked but has significant impacts on human well-being and wildlife. It refers to excessive noise levels that disturb the peace and tranquility of individuals and ecosystems. Sources of noise pollution include transportation, construction activities, industrial machinery, and urbanization. Prolonged exposure to high levels of noise can lead to stress, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other health issues. Noise pollution also disrupts natural habitats, affecting the behavior and communication patterns of wildlife. Reducing noise pollution requires implementing noise control measures, promoting sound insulation in buildings, and considering noise reduction in urban planning.

Consequences of Pollution:

Pollution has far-reaching consequences for both the environment and human society. It disrupts ecosystems, leads to a decline in biodiversity, and damages natural resources. Air pollution not only affects human health but also contributes to climate change, global warming, and the depletion of the ozone layer. Water pollution poses risks to aquatic life and human health, impacting the availability of clean drinking water and threatening ecosystems. Soil pollution reduces soil fertility, affects crop productivity, and contaminates the food chain. Noise pollution affects human well-being, causing stress, sleep disturbances, and hearing loss while disrupting the behavior of wildlife.

Solutions to Pollution:

Addressing pollution requires collective efforts and proactive measures from governments, industries, communities, and individuals. Stricter environmental regulations and enforcement are necessary to limit emissions, control industrialwaste disposal, and promote sustainable practices. Governments should prioritize investment in renewable energy sources, promote energy efficiency, and encourage the use of cleaner technologies. Industries must adopt cleaner production processes, improve waste management, and reduce their carbon footprint.

Individuals also play a crucial role in combating pollution. We can make a difference by practicing responsible consumption, conserving resources, reducing waste, and adopting eco-friendly habits. Simple actions like recycling, conserving water, using energy-efficient appliances, and opting for sustainable transportation contribute to reducing pollution levels. Education and awareness are vital in addressing pollution. Educating the public about the causes, effects, and preventive measures of pollution can foster a sense of responsibility and inspire positive action. It is essential to promote environmental education in schools, organize awareness campaigns, and engage communities in sustainable initiatives.

In conclusion, pollution is a significant threat to the environment, human health, and overall well-being. The various forms of pollution, including air, water, soil, and noise pollution, have detrimental effects on ecosystems and society. However, through collective action, stringent regulations, sustainable practices, and individual responsibility, we can mitigate pollution’s impact. By prioritizing the protection of the environment, promoting sustainable development, and adopting eco-friendly lifestyles, we can work towards a cleaner and healthier planet for present and future generations.

  • Air Pollution
  • collective action
  • conservation
  • Environmental Issue
  • Global Issue
  • Harmful Substances
  • Human Health
  • Industrial Activities
  • Noise Pollution
  • Regulations
  • Renewable Energy
  • Responsible Consumption
  • Soil Pollution
  • Sustainable Practices
  • Transportation
  • Waste Disposal
  • Water pollution

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Track Pollution

Essay on Marine Pollution | Causes, Effects, and Solution

Welcome to the finest article that talks about the essay on marine pollution.

Marine Pollution refers to the introduction of harmful materials into the sea which has an adverse effect on the environment.

Such pollutants include pesticides, fertilizer, organochlorine, oils, and a variety of other waste products.

The rise in marine pollutants leading to a very unfavorable condition of living which is responsible for the extinction of marine mammals and fishes.

Marine pollution affects humans too, especially the peoples who live in the coastal areas.

Page Contents

Causes of Marine Pollution

essay on marine pollution

There are not a few causes of marine pollution but its number exceeds over all the limits. While it is pesticides, chemical fertilizers, industrial wastes, agriculture wastes, sewage, and many more.

These all are highly responsible for marine pollution or in its rise. Below are the major causes of marine pollution that everyone should know.

1. Industrial Wastes

One of the commonest and major causes of marine pollution is industrial waste. Every day, a new industry establishes in the world and some of them further lead to form marine poll.

As of reports, over 70,000 tons of zinc, 17000 tons of copper, 12000 tons of lead, and 8000 tons of arsenic are discharged every year into the ocean.

Despite these, most industrial substances are toxic such as plastics, oils, acids, alkalies, etc.

And when they released these toxic substances into the oceans or seas, it directly affects the aquatic animals along with the environment.

2. Agriculture Wastes

The second and very mutual cause of marine pollution is agricultural practices.

In this modern world, farmers like to do easy works and therefore they use chemical fertilizers for the instant growth of their crops.

Although, they aren’t aware of the fact how it harms the environment. The used chemicals were later carried by the rains to the ocean and it increases marine pollution.

In India, over 55,000 tons of pesticides are used annually and 25% of them were carried to the oceans.

3. Municipal Waste

The next very common cause is municipal wastage . Every house has a kitchen and every kitchen has numerous products including environment friendly or opposite.

Such products are carried out into the ocean by some private waste municipal corporations. They use to collect the wastes and thereafter they dumped into the oceans.

Especially, the houses or hotels located near the coastal areas directly threw out the wastes into the oceans.

4. Sewage Treatment

Earlier we talked about the household wastes taken by the waste municipal parties. But in the same way, those products are carried out into the oceans by sewage.

Still, there is a number of cities which has not to have any proper sewage treatment. Further, the sewage transfers the wastes to rivers and thereafter to the oceans or seas.

5. Volcanic Eruption

The very dangerous natural cause of marine pollution is volcanic eruption. It carried out a huge amount of harmful chemicals into the water bodies.

It severely affects the water quality and damages aquatic living on a very large scale. Although, it is natural and can’t be stopped so peoples mostly like to ignore it.

Above are only the major causes of marine pollution. Apart from these, there are so many causes like oil leakage, deep-sea mining, tanker accident, and petroleum washed off from roads.

These all cause the rise in marine pollution and these shouldn’t be ignored by humans.

Effects of Marine Pollution

Marine pollution affects the environment severely and brings an adverse change to the environment. The effects included Humans, Plants, and Animals, especially aquatic ones.

Thousands of Aquatic species are being extinct only because of marine pollution.

In coastal area, people are losing their habitat only because of marine pollution. Likely, there are many more effects of marine pollution which have been defined below.

  • Animals Life

Marine pollution harshly affects animal life on a large scale. Marine animals lost their habitat because of the rise in pollution in the coastal areas.

They are even unable to take clean water anymore. And mostly, aquatic animals are affected by marine pollution as it creates unfavorable conditions in the sea or ocean.

When there is oil on the surface of the ocean, it severely affects the migrating bird.

When the birds try to drink water during their journey, the oil gets trapped between their feature and they are unable to fly anymore.

This resulted in their death. Hence, Marine pollution is also the cause of birds’ and animals extinctions.

Peoples think that marine pollution hasn’t any effect on their life. Although it’s wrong thinking and the truth is that marine pollution is responsible for millions of people’s death.

This effect would mainly be seen in the coastal areas. Peoples there mostly depend on the oceans and seas.

Even they use to take fishes in their lunch because of its easy availability. And increasing marine pollution led to the end of aquatic animals and further it affects humans.

In fact, many marine and aquatic plants are very important in human life. And again, marine pollution destroys them and later it became a problem in human life.

  • Eutrophication

Marine pollution plays a key role in the process of Eutrophication. Now, what is Eutrophication?

It is a phenomenon in which the surface of the water body gets covered by wastes which further interferes with the aquatic plant’s process of photosynthesis.

As result, the plants are unable to form oxygen and later the aquatic animals die. It majorly causes by the oil as it does not sink but floats on the water surface.

Preventions of Marine Pollution

After being aware of the causes and effects of marine pollution, everyone needs to know its prevention. Now there are small steps and also big steps for it.

Factory wastes can’t be stopped by individuals but the government can. Let you know below the major steps to prevent marine pollution.

The first and very important way to prevent marine pollution is to avoid non-biodegradable products. These are the products that never decomposed and thus end up polluting the environment.

Such products are plastic, metals, polythene, etc. Avoiding these products can prevent marine pollution on a vast level.

Never throw the waste in open land and instead try to dump them in the dustbins. Also, do not throw toxic wastes in the sewage.

In addition to this, try to recycle the products or learn their reuse methods.

Agriculture practices that include chemical fertilizers should be minimized. Instead, the farmers should use natural fertilizers as it is both human and environment-friendly.

One of the best ways to reduce marine pollution is through proper sewage treatment. This can be done in both chemical and physical ways which result in the removal of pollutants from the water.

This also helps to prevent eutrophication. So, above are some common and major ways to prevent marine pollution on a broad level.

We hope you enjoyed reading this article about the essay on marine pollution. Let us know your feedback in the comment section.

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Essay On Air Pollution [Short & Long]

Essay On Air Pollution – “Air” the smaller the word, the greater its importance. It is the basis of the life of living organisms on the planet. But with the increase in air pollution, the air is also becoming harmful to us.

Air is the first fundamental requirement for the execution of life on Earth. It provides oxygen to humans and carbon dioxide to trees. Unfortunately, this air is getting polluted and unfit for living organisms.

Short Essay On Air Pollution | 250 Words

Introduction.

When our air gets contaminated by pollutants, the process is called Air pollution. If we talk about the word “air” the smaller the word, the greater its importance. It is the basis of the life of living organisms on the planet. It helps us all live a healthy life. But with the increase in air pollution, the air is also becoming harmful to us.

The major pollutants are smoke and gases from industries and various types of oxides. Carbon dioxide, smoke produced by transportation and firecrackers, burning solid materials, and radioactive particles. It is also dangerous to individuals and living beings on the globe.

Essay On Air Pollution | Introduction

  • Causes of air pollution

There are several causes that enhance air pollution. Some are natural that are not in control like volcanic eruptions, forest fires, fossil fuel emissions, environmental dust etc. Others are man-made which are controllable like excessive use of fuel-based vehicles, wood burning, fuel burning and smoke released from factories.

The burning of wood and coal generates several hazardous gases that mix into our atmosphere making it contaminated for living beings. The main substances that cause air pollution are carbon dioxide, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, smoke produced by industries and firecrackers, the burning of solid materials, and a few others.

Effective resolutions

We can control this issue in a limited way because some of the leading reasons for Air pollution are natural. But, for the reasons produced by humans, we can take some measures to defeat it.

There are remarkable resolutions for the reduction of air pollution. Humans must walk to cover short distances and use the cycle as much as possible, We should plant more and more trees so that they can turn carbon dioxide into oxygen.

Air Pollution is an issue that requires to be resolved as soon as possible so that we can assume a healthy life on the planet. It is very crucial to care for our air because we all living beings depend on it. People should do their part to curb this problem. And the government should also take some bold steps to rectify the situation.

Long Essay On Air Pollution | 500 Words

Main headings.

  • Negative effects

Elimination of air pollution

  • Final Words

Air is the very base of the life cycle on Earth. Almost all the organisms on our planet need air for different purposes. For example, humans and animals need air to breathe oxygen and for plants, it is a requirement to prepare food.

But, due to expanding industrialization and the collection of poisonous gases in the environment, the air is becoming more and more toxic day by day. Apart from that, these poisonous gases are the reason for several respiratory problems and diseases.

Air pollution is a threat to humans and other living beings because it stimulates the ratio of basic gases in the environment, turning the ecosystem less useful.

Causes of Air pollution

We burn wood and fossil fuel for different purposes that release oxides of carbon that when mixed in the air, get polluted. Air pollution is a result of many causes altogether including Carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, burning of fossil fuel and firewood, volcanic eruptions, smoke released from factories, forest fires, bombardment, asteroids, CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons), and many more the main causes.

Besides, some other causes pollute the air like industrial garbage, agricultural decay, thermal nuclear plants, power plants, environmental dust etc. There are some causes for which we humans are responsible and we should fine-tune them.

Negative effects On human health

Air pollution has several negative effects on our health. It is a source of many respiratory disorders and also a cause of heart problems. When we inhale polluted air, It damages the cells of our respiratory system and we start facing various serious conditions.

Air pollution influences our lives in diverse ways. It affects human lives straightly and indirectly. It is a grieving problem for the earth as it is harming the ozone layer. It is a source of many diseases like asthma, heart diseases, lung-related problems, respiratory problems, etc.

Some solutions are always there for every problem. Similarly, we have various opportunities to overcome air pollution. But as we know we can fix the problem to a limit because some of the causes of air pollution are natural and we do not control it. Here are some resolutions below:

✔ Strict measures to curb deforestation – Trees are our friend. It is called because they filter air suitable for us. But with the increase in deforestation, the number of trees is declining which is very bad. The government should take some legit measures to curb deforestation.

✔ Policy for industries – Industries release poisonous gases in the environment at a high amount. There is a need for proper policies for them. Also, we need to use reusable and recyclable products to reduce the operation of these industries.

✔ Reforestation – We are cutting trees on a large scale, so we must plant more trees to balance. It will help us reduce the harmfulness of the air.

✔ Use of eco-friendly fuel – We ought to adopt the practice of using Eco-friendly fuels such as LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas), bio-gas, CNG (Compressed Natural Gas), and other eco-friendly fuels. So that we can reduce the volume of deadly toxic gases.

Final words

To sum it up, Air is a part of our environment and our lives. It is the very first requirement for people to live a life but living a life is not enough. We need pure air to live a healthy life and we are aware of the present scenario. So, ultimately we need to protect it from being polluted if we want to expect a healthy lifestyle for future generations.

Essay On Air Pollution | Conclusion

Stats and Facts about Air Pollution

  • According to WHO (world health organization), there are 4.2 million (42 lac) deaths reported every year as a result of ambient air pollution.
  • According to WHO (world health organization), there are 3.8 million (38 lac) deaths reported every year due to exposure to smoke from dirty cookstoves and fuels.
  • 91 % of the world’s population lives in places where air quality exceeds WHO guideline limits.
  • Air pollution is attributed to 9% of deaths globally.
  • Inhaling air pollution takes away at least 1-2 years of a typical human life.
  •  It has effects as small as burning eyes and itchy throat too as large as breathing problems and death.
  • Pollutants that are released into the air are the most harmful than land and water pollutants.
  • Producing heavy crude oil improves the risks of air pollution by 40% more than producing light crude oil.

What are the effects of air pollution on the environment?

The main effects of air pollution are climate change, ecosystem disbalance, acid rain, global warming, Smog effect Deterioration of fields, and Extinction of animal species.

What are the effects of air pollution on Human Beings?

The dangerous effects on living beings are Skin Damage Chemical Sensitivity and Respiratory health problems and it also affects the growth of animals and plants.

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Home » Slogans » Catchy Slogans » 150 Clever Catchy Slogans On Pollution

150 Clever Catchy Slogans On Pollution

Pollution is a problem that is effecting the entire world. From the water that we drink, to the air that we breathe, major steps need to be taken in order to prevent any further damage to our fragile environment. People are realizing this and have begun to rally all over the world to educate and help stop this pollution. Many of them use posters of protests with chants to get their message across, good slogans or sayings will help to drive the message home. Here are some great examples.

The Earth: love it or leave it. A clean Earth needs everyone’s help, and especially yours. Air – It Is A Matter Of Life And Death. Air pollution does not need visa to travel across the borders. All types of pollution are equally harmful. Be a part of solution but not pollution. Be A Part Of The Pollution Solution. Be A Part Of The Solution Not Part Of The Pollution. Be a surveyor for the Ozone layer. Be green! Keep our planet clean! Be smart. Don’t fart. Be The Solution To Air Pollution. Be the solution to run off the pollution. Be Wise, Let The Greenery Rise! Breathe Easy. Breathing Easy Doesn’t Have To Be Difficult. Bring Earth back to life. Can You Swim In A Sea Of Plastic? Centuries to Form, Only Seconds to Use. Cheap and Easy Fuel Makes You Look Like a Fool. Clear Skies, Clean Minds. Clear skies, clear conscience! Conserve What Our Children Deserve. Ditch the Past – Move Forward With Renewables. Do Your Share For Cleaner Air. Don`t Dump it, Donate it. Don’t Be Mean – Keep It Clean. Don’t be mean, keep environment clean. Don’t Let Our Future Go Up In Smoke. Don’t Trash Our Future. Don’t be man, keep it clean. Don’t let your future go up in smoke. Eradicate pollution, save environment. Everything We Do, Always Comes Back To Us. Feed the Planet and It Will Nourish You. Find a solution else our future will become an ILLUSION. Forget Fossil Fuels Forever. Forward for a Fossil-Free Future. Fossil Fuels – Leaving Lifelong Impressions on the Earth. Fossil Fuels? Fossil Fools! Get the Hint, Don’t Leave Your Footprint. Give a big hoot to those who pollute. Give a Hoot, Don’t Pollute. Go Green To Keep It Clean. Go Green. Breath Clean. Grow grass and trees. Hate pollution, love humanity. I dare you to care for this earth! It is the pollution, making the nature dead. It’s Time To Clear The Air. Join the Green Revolution and stop pollution! Join The Revolution And Stop The Pollution. Keep Calm and Stop Pollution. Keep under your foot the trust of those who pollute. Keep your kids away from polluters. Kick the Fossil Fuel Habit. Lend A Hand To Save Trees. Less Pollution Is The Best Solution. Let It Be Wild, Not Defiled. Let’S Move Towards Green To Keep The Planet Clean. Look around, walk around, breathe clean air and don’t litter the ground. Nature Is For Everyone’s Need And Not For Everyone’s Greed. No Future in Limited Resources. Not up in smoke up with hope. On The Road To Cleaner Air. Only Rain Down The Drain. Pass on Gas. Plant A Tree And Get Air For Free. Polluter is enemy of nature. Polluter is our common enemy. Polluter should not be respected by communities. Polluting is cognizable offence by law. Polluting is criminal offence. Polluting means killing the environment. Pollution Ain’t Cool, So Don’t Be A Fool. Pollution are slow poison, act slowly but lethally. Pollution destroys human population. Pollution does not help plant evolution. Pollution- If You Don’t Kill It, It Will Kill You. Pollution is a ladder of destruction of nature. Pollution is for Polluters. Pollution is lethal. Pollution, pollution, get a solution. Pollution, the silent killer. Pollution: If you don’t kill it, it’ll kill you. Pollution: it gets me all coughed up. Prevent pollution, protect nature. Procrastination Won’t Help the Next Generation. Recycle wastes and reduce pollution. Reduce air pollution & increase your life span. Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. Remember, Kids Breathe Here. Resources Aren’t Free, They Charge All a Fee. Ride The Recycling Cycle. Save it, Switch it off. Save the Earth, Save Ourselves. Save the Earth, Save Yourself. Save the oak, don’t choke on smoke. Save the Trees, Save You and Me. Save your breath. Search for solution but not for pollution. Shield the Earth and shield yourself from air pollution. Show Its Worth, Save the Earth. Show You Care About The Air. Slippery Oil Makes Humanity Spoil. Smoke from cars is like cigarettes to the Earth. Solution of pollution lies in dilution. Stop factories and industries, gain more rain. Stop polluting and start living healthy. Stop pollution before it stop our breathe. Stop pollution by mitigation. Stop pollution gain more fresh air. Stop pollution or get ready for your elimination. Stop pollution, plant more trees. Stop The Pollution Of The Air. Walk Or Cycle Because We Care! Stop The Pollution Quick, You’re Making The Air Sick. Stow it, don’t throw it. Take a deep breath, don’t choke. Take Care Of The Trees, They Will Take Care Of You. Talking about pollution, nobody’s holy. They who pollute, sinned against nature. The more pollution in the sky, the more nature dies. The Simple Life Causes Less Strife. The Solution Is Less Pollution. The value of life will suffer a dilution if you do not fight air pollution. There’s No Such Thing as Peak Sun. They’re Not Alright, They Are Finite. Think about future generations and reduce pollution. Think Blue and Go Green. Think Globally. Act Locally. This Is A Clean Air Zone. Those who create soot actually pollute. Together We Can Save The Planet. Treat the Earth With Heart So the World Doesn’t Fall Apart. Turn Off Your Engine. We’re Breathing Your Pollution. Unite against all polluters. Use your brain, don’t clog that drain! Water and air, the two essential fluids on which all life depends, have become global garbage cans. Water bodies are not dustbin, don’t load them with garbage. Water Is Life, Don’t Pollute It. Water: Conserve It! We Don’t Make the World Go Round, But Humans Could Break It Down. We Love Clean Air. When They Don’t Renew, Neither Can You. When They Run Out, You’ll Be Without. Whoever pollutes is our common enemy. Wipe Out Pollution Before It Wipes You Out. YOU are the key to cleaner Air. You Can Never Pass Greenhouse Gas. You can’t feel the pollution unless you hate it.

This powerful video documents a very moving protest that was held outside of a major oil and fuel provider’s headquarters. Things like this are the only way to show to the big businesses that we will no longer tolerate the destruction of our planet.

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  1. Environmental Pollution Essay in English 150 Words with Proper Headings

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  2. Environmental Pollution Essay for Students and Children in English

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  3. Best Essay On Pollution [With Facts]

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  5. Essay on Pollution in 500 Words- Types, Effects & How to Reduce

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  1. Essay on Environmental Pollution: 100 Words, 200 Words

    10 shares One of the biggest risks to life as we know it is environmental degradation. The water we drink, the air we breathe, and the ecosystems on which we depend are all impacted by pollution. People, animals, and plants will decline if pollution levels continue to rise since they won't be able to adapt to a significantly altered environment.

  2. Environmental Pollution Essay for Students in English

    Textbook Solutions CBSE Notes Essay on Environmental Pollution The environment is the surrounding of an organism. The environment in which an organism lives is made up of various components like air, water, land, etc. These components are found in fixed proportions to create a harmonious balance in the environment for the organism to live in.

  3. 252 Pollution Essay Topics & Essay Examples

    💡 8 Tips for Writing Essays on Pollution There is a rising interest in ecological awareness and an overall building desire to move towards sustainable living within society. Thus, a pollution essay requires much more than merely outlining cause and effect occurrences.

  4. Essay on Pollution in 500 Words

    500+ Words Essay on Pollution Pollution is a term which even kids are aware of these days. It has become so common that almost everyone acknowledges the fact that pollution is rising continuously. The term 'pollution' means the manifestation of any unsolicited foreign substance in something.

  5. The Impact of Pollution on The Environment

    The first area of the environment affected by pollution is the atmosphere. Air pollution is characterized by the accumulation of harmful gases and particles in unsafe quantities. Poor air quality has been linked to various health issues, such as heart disease, lung cancer, and respiratory diseases.

  6. Environmental Pollution Essay in English 150 Words & 500 Words

    Hence, without wasting your valuable time let's start writing the environmental pollution essay in English 150 words and 500 words. Essay on Environmental Pollution in 500 words with Headings -. 1. Introduction -. 2. Kinds of pollution -. ( a ) Air pollution -. ( b ) Water pollution -. ( c ) Sound pollution -.

  7. Essay on Environmental Pollution for Students in 1000 Words

    Environmental pollution can take the shape of chemical substances or energy, like noise, heat, or light. Pollutants, the components of Pollution, are often either foreign substances/energies or present contaminants. Pollution is usually classed as the beginning or non-point source pollution. In 2015, Pollution killed 9 million people within the ...

  8. Short Essay on Environmental Pollution

    The essay on environmental pollution explains how the earth and its natural resources are under the ever-increasing threat of pollution. All life on earth is threatened by this vicious process initiated by human intervention. The pollutants released from all kinds of human activity, including industrial processes, have had devastating effects ...

  9. Environmental Pollution and Its Effect on Health

    The WHO estimates that 7 million people die each year from the effects of inhaling air-containing particulate matter causing diseases such as stroke, heart disease, lung cancer, and pneumonia (World Health Organization, 2018). Older people are most vulnerable to environmental pollution, as their level of immunity weakens with age.

  10. Pollution Essay in English for Students

    There are mainly three kinds of pollution - 1) Air Pollution, 2) Water Pollution, and 3) Soil Pollution. Air Pollution. Air Pollution occurs due to the presence of harmful gases and substances in the air. It is due to vehicle emission, dust and dirt, poisonous gasses from the factories etc.

  11. Environmental and Health Impacts of Air Pollution: A Review

    is the ambient air pollution. is the pollution generated by household combustion of fuels. People exposed to high concentrations of air pollutants experience disease symptoms and states of greater and lesser seriousness. These effects are grouped into short- and long-term effects affecting health.

  12. Essay on Environmental Pollution: 150-250, 500 words for Students

    Essay on Environmental Pollution. You can use this Essay on Environmental Pollution in any assignment or project whether you are in school (class 10th or 12th), college, or preparing for answer writing in competitive exams. Topics covered in this article. Essay on Environmental Pollution in 150-200 words; Essay on Environmental Pollution in 250 ...

  13. Essay On Environmental Pollution in 250 Words

    Essay On Pollution 1000 Words. Pollution is a major problem that is affecting our environment and health. There are different types of pollution, such as air pollution, water pollution, land pollution, and noise pollution. Air pollution is the most common type of pollution. It occurs when harmful gases and particles are released into the air.

  14. Opinion

    Mr. Mahoney is the climate and environment reporter at Capital B, a nonprofit news organization reporting for Black communities. The air pollution in Emma Lockridge's community in Detroit was ...

  15. Essay on Pollution in 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 1000 Words

    Essay on Pollution in 100 words, 200 words, 300 words, 400 words, 500 words and 1000 words. Impact of pollution on our planet in concise essays of 100 to 1000 words. Explore causes, effects, and solutions to tackle this global issue. Written by Isrg Team. Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances or pollutants into the environment ...

  16. Paragraph on Environmental Pollution 100, 150, 200 & 300 words for Kids

    Paragraph on Environmental Pollution: Environmental Pollution is one of the major and serious threats nowadays. It is degrading the environment of Earth every time. The lifestyle of an individual is one of the reasons for causing Pollution. The harmful pollutants are mixing with our environment and degrading the quality. You can read more Paragraph Writing about articles, [
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  17. Pollution-Essay-PDF

    Sample Essay on Pollution in 100-150 Words. Pollution is the major factor playing in the imbalance of the environment. Climate change, global warming, and many other are because of pollution. Unwanted substances when released into the environment affect environment the most.

  18. Essay on Marine Pollution

    Welcome to the finest article that talks about the essay on marine pollution. Marine Pollution refers to the introduction of harmful materials into the sea which has an adverse effect on the environment. Such pollutants include pesticides, fertilizer, organochlorine, oils, and a variety of other waste products.

  19. Essay On Air Pollution [Short & Long]

    Stats and Facts about Air Pollution. According to WHO (world health organization), there are 4.2 million (42 lac) deaths reported every year as a result of ambient air pollution.; According to WHO (world health organization), there are 3.8 million (38 lac) deaths reported every year due to exposure to smoke from dirty cookstoves and fuels.; 91 % of the world's population lives in places ...

  20. 150 Clever Catchy Slogans On Pollution

    150 Clever Catchy Slogans On Pollution. Pollution is a problem that is effecting the entire world. From the water that we drink, to the air that we breathe, major steps need to be taken in order to prevent any further damage to our fragile environment. People are realizing this and have begun to rally all over the world to educate and help stop ...

  21. Environmental Pollution Essay With Headings

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